The literature suggests that academic researchers with dual-appointment contracts, i.e. those employed concurrently by a university and an organization outside academia, have the potential to be more engaged in research collaborations with non-academic partners than colleagues contractually linked to a university only. Our results suggest that…

Undertaking a PhD is commonly viewed as an apprenticeship, where the student learns the trade of becoming an academic. However, the doctoral degree did not start off with that intention, and it may not continue this way into the future. The initial design of the PhD was a professional degree which gave students the licence to teach. Research was…

This paper explores disciplinary patterns of assessment and feedback, using data from the Transforming the Experience of Students through Assessment project. Its central research question concerns the effect of disciplinary assessment patterns on student learning. Audit data from 18 degree programmes at 8 UK universities showed variations in…

In practice and process PhD examination is distinctive, reflecting the high expectations of students whose learning has been directed to their becoming researchers. This article builds on previous research on the examination of Australian theses that revealed that examiners in Science (n?=?542) and Education (n?=?241) provide a substantial…

The evidence suggests that emotional intelligence and personality traits are important qualities that workers need in order to successfully exercise a profession. This article assumes that the main purpose of universities is to promote employment by providing an education that facilitates the acquisition of abilities, skills, competencies and…

This article addresses the growing need to profile the required competencies of entry-level business graduates and to evaluate the extent to which they are generic across international boundaries and discipline areas. Two hundred and ninety-one Australian and UK business academics examined the relative importance of a broad set of graduate…

There has long been the suspicion amongst staff in Art & Design that the ratings given to their subject disciplines in the UK's National Student Survey are adversely affected by a combination of circumstances--a "perfect storm". The "perfect storm" proposition is tested by comparing ratings for Art & Design with those…

This article outlines the recently developed idea of "Threshold Concepts" and explains how this idea may be used to describe the progress of learning in economics. The authors examine the relationship between threshold concepts, key concepts and conceptual change and suggest that a distinction between basic, discipline and procedural…

The distinctive cultural characteristics of the different disciplines and implications for higher education research, policy, and practice are examined. It is argued that these differences are often ignored in policy analysis, resulting in inadequate analysis. Discussion focuses on disciplinary activities at three levels: systemwide;…

Examines some fundamental assumptions that have informed recent policy on doctoral research in the United Kingdom in light of empirical, quantitative research on doctoral supervisors and their students, and argues those assumptions are insensitive to significant differences between academic cultures of different disciplines. Looks at issues of…

A survey of Norwegian university faculty (n=1,815) shows significant differences between disciplines in time spent on teaching and preparation and in distribution of time between different types of teaching and teaching levels. It is proposed that some but not all of the differences may be due to characteristics of the disciplines. (Author/MSE)

A study analyzed faculty goals for intellectual development in introductory college courses, to examine disciplinary differences and similarities. Faculty usually assumed intellectual development would occur in conjunction with knowledge acquisition. Differences were found between disciplines, but not along conventional hard/soft discipline lines.…

Examined why graduate students take longer to complete humanities and social sciences degrees than natural sciences degrees. Found that field differences in knowledge structures and the organization of research have significant implications for research training. "Hard" fields have a directed supervision model and close relationship…

This article reports the findings of a 3 year research project which investigated disciplinary variation in student writing. Within an Open University course in the history of science, students from an arts background were found to achieve significantly higher grades than those from a science background. Textual and interview data suggest that…

The effects of enrollment increases on student achievement in an English polytechnic were evaluated by examining student grades over time and across disciplines in which different grading practices were used. (MSE)