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Xuehong He; Shawn Loewen – Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 2024
Second language (L2) research on input manipulation has focused mainly on increasing the salience of target structures, but presentation formats of L2 input can be another important aspect for manipulation. This study compared the horizontal, vertical, and adjacent formats for presenting the characters, pinyin, and English meaning of L2 Chinese…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Chinese, Vocabulary, English