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Peer reviewedSchwartz, Bonnie D. – Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 1993
The hypothesis defended is that negative data and explicit data result in a type of knowledge that is not to be equated with linguistic competence. The specific claim is that only positive data can effect the construction of an interlanguage grammar comparable to the knowledge system characterizing the results of first-language acquisition. (60…
Descriptors: Communicative Competence (Languages), Foreign Countries, Grammar, Knowledge Level
Direct linkTarone, Elaine – Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 2002
Ellis's target article suggests that language processing is based on frequency and probabilistic knowledge and that language learning is implicit. These findings are consistent with those of SLA researchers working within a variationist framework (e.g., Tarone, 1985; Bayley & Preston, 1996). This paper provides a brief overview of this research…
Descriptors: Creativity, Language Variation, Language Processing, Social Environment
