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Peer reviewedMarton, Waldemar – System, 1983
Starting with H.W. Seliger's distinction between second language learning strategies (abstract cognitive functions used to acquire knowledge) and learning tactics (activities learner uses to acquire language), presents the most important tactics and comments on which learner characteristics and teaching methods take advantage of them. Tactics…
Descriptors: Cognitive Style, Communication Skills, Language Aptitude, Language Attitudes
Peer reviewedOxford, Rebecca L.; Ehrman, Madeline E. – System, 1995
This study examined the relationship between language learning strategies and factors such as proficiency, teacher perceptions, gender, aptitude, learning style, personality, and motivation among 520 adults studying various languages at the Foreign Service Institute. It found a low but significant relationship between cognitive strategy use and…
Descriptors: Adult Education, Adults, Age Differences, Anxiety
