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| TESOL Quarterly | 2 |
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Peer reviewedLightbown, Patsy M.; Spada, Nina – TESOL Quarterly, 1994
This article describes the context and conditions of English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) programs in Quebec's French-language schools and reports on several studies of the intensive ESL classes used in some elementary schools. Research on these programs demonstrates their effectiveness in fostering English language skills and positive attitudes…
Descriptors: Elementary Education, Elementary School Students, English (Second Language), Foreign Countries
Peer reviewedSiegel, Jeff – TESOL Quarterly, 1999
Summarizes research on educational programs that use stigmatized varieties of English in the classroom, and reviews relevant theory and research in psycholinguistics and second language acquisition. Research on educational programs shows that using the stigmatized variety in formal education seems to have a positive effect on the acquisition of…
Descriptors: Black Dialects, Creoles, Elementary Secondary Education, English
