Background/Context: After decades of restrictive U.S. language policies geared toward English-only education, recent years have seen a proliferation of dual-language programs, Seal of Biliteracy awards, and bilingual education programming more broadly. The demand for such programming ostensibly suggests growing consensus around the benefits of…

Background/Context: Historically, the literature on access to quality education for Mexican Americans has been wrought with injustices committed on them because of the racist and deficit thinking of the time. This includes, but is not limited to, access to literacy in English and Spanish. This article focuses on las escuelitas, or little schools,…

Patterns in which education and intellectual life are affected by the transactions between industrialized nations and the Third World are analyzed, with a focus on organized educational systems, especially in post-secondary education, and less formal structures such as book publishing, mass media, and serious journals. (MJB)