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Albantani, Azkia Muharom; Madkur, Ahmad; Rahmadi, Imam Fitri – Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 2022
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has forced a sudden transition from face-to-face learning to online learning in higher education. This circumstance challenges university students to be more selfdirected in learning with relatively minimum assistance from their lecturers or peers. Therefore, it is becoming increasingly important to…
Descriptors: College Freshmen, Independent Study, Videoconferencing, Second Language Learning