With the advances of technology, thin-client/server architecture has become popular in multi-user/single network environments. Thin-client is a user terminal in which the user can login to a domain and run programs by connecting to a remote server. Recent developments in network and hardware technologies (cloud computing, virtualization, etc.)…

ICT integration can be realized at various levels: It can be at a state level (central government); at an institutional level (Higher Education Councils); at an organizational level (universities and schools); at a faculty level; at a department level, or at an individual level. Thus, ICT integration can be studied at macro level as a system, or…