Describes the fundamentals of Japanese braille and outlines the spacing rules now in general use. Points out the relevance of Japanese braille for the computer treatment of the Japanese language. (FL)

Describes some of the major structural features of the modern Japanese written language as they are manifested at the level of graphology. (FL)

Examines how, under Western influence, punctuation was adopted in Japanese texts in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. (FL)

Describes an alphabetic process for cuing readers to speak the three dimensions of sound: fundamental frequency, duration, and intensity. (RB)

Examines the linguistic and technical factors that are responsible for the intractability of the computer input problem caused by Japanese orthography and the social factors that lend it a sense of urgency. (FL)