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Direct linkEryn J. Adams; Molly E. Scott; Melina Amarante; Chanel A. Ramírez; Stephanie J. Rowley; Kimberly G. Noble; Sonya V. Troller-Renfree – npj Science of Learning, 2024
The past two decades have seen a rapid increase in neuroscientific evidence being used to characterize how contextual, structural, and societal factors shape cognition and school readiness. Measures of functional brain activity are increasingly viewed as markers of child development and biomarkers that could be employed to track the impact of…
Descriptors: Cultural Influences, African Americans, Hispanic Americans, Neurosciences
Dai Zhang; Yanghui Xie; Longsheng Wang; Ke Zhou – npj Science of Learning, 2024
Arithmetic ability is critical for daily life, academic achievement, career development, and future economic success. Individual differences in arithmetic skills among children and adolescents are related to variations in brain structures. Most existing studies have used hypothesis-driven region of interest analysis. To identify distributed brain…
Descriptors: Mathematics Skills, Prediction, Arithmetic, Academic Achievement
Anna C. K. van Duijvenvoorde; Lucy B. Whitmore; Bianca Westhoff; Kathryn L. Mills – npj Science of Learning, 2022
The brain undergoes profound development across childhood and adolescence, including continuous changes in brain morphology, connectivity, and functioning that are, in part, dependent on one's experiences. These neurobiological changes are accompanied by significant changes in children's and adolescents' cognitive learning. By drawing from studies…
Descriptors: Children, Adolescents, Learning, Brain
Minkang Kim; Jean Decety; Ling Wu; Soohyun Baek; Derek Sankey – npj Science of Learning, 2021
One means by which humans maintain social cooperation is through intervention in third-party transgressions, a behaviour observable from the early years of development. While it has been argued that pre-school age children's intervention behaviour is driven by normative understandings, there is scepticism regarding this claim. There is also little…
Descriptors: Intervention, Preschool Children, Child Behavior, Cognitive Processes
Alyssa J. Kersey; Kelsey D. Csumitta; Jessica F. Cantlon – npj Science of Learning, 2019
Some scientists and public figures have hypothesized that women and men differ in their pursuit of careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) owing to biological differences in mathematics aptitude. However, little evidence supports such claims. Some studies of children and adults show gender differences in mathematics…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Mathematics Education, Children, Child Development
Christian Battista; Tanya M. Evans; Tricia J. Ngoon; Tianwen Chen; Lang Chen; John Kochalka; Vinod Menon – npj Science of Learning, 2018
Cognitive development is thought to depend on the refinement and specialization of functional circuits over time, yet little is known about how this process unfolds over the course of childhood. Here we investigated growth trajectories of functional brain circuits and tested an interactive specialization model of neurocognitive development which…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Cognitive Development, Children, Longitudinal Studies
