In this paper, we analyze recently collected data that conducts a unique assessment of high school student performance for over two thousand students from five Chinese provinces. Across three domains of scientific intelligence tested, we document heterogeneous gender gaps in academic performance. These differences generally arise due to…

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the extent to which item response theory (IRT) proficiency estimation methods are robust to the presence of aberrant responses under the "GRE"® General Test multistage adaptive testing (MST) design. To that end, a wide range of atypical response behaviors affecting as much as 10% of the test items…

Current selection test procedures for any higher-learning program rely on evidence of attainment in a specific domain (Gagné, 1995; Boyle & Radocy, 1987; Subotnik, & Jarvin, 2005). Pertinent to the assessment and selection of gifted young musicians for elite programs is the notion of obvious talent being due to all or a combination of…

The national Study of Education Data Systems and Decision Making documented the availability and features of education data systems and the prevalence and nature of data-informed decision making in districts and schools. That study, like past research, found that teachers' likelihood of using data in decision making is affected by how confident…

This research brief presents the results of the authors' investigation into the changing expectations of employers on the competencies that they expect new college graduates to possess upon entry into their companies. The authors did not limit their focus to engineering and technical majors but cast their net to include all academic majors and…

Much analysis of youth transitions focuses on the first year after education, or outcomes at a specific age. Such work looks, for example, at the effect of education on the likelihood of being employed or unemployed. This study takes a different angle by considering the effect of education on the persistence of labour market outcomes. For example,…

The Coordinating Commission for Postsecondary Education is directed by the Nebraska Constitution, Article VII, Section 14(3) to "review and modify, if needed to promote compliance and consistency with the "Comprehensive Statewide Plan" and prevent unnecessary duplication, the budget requests of the governing boards" prior to…

Higher education in New Jersey has arrived at a decisive moment. After twenty years of declining State funding and increased tuitions, the fortunes of citizens and the state hang in the balance. Student access to an affordable college education and the economic prosperity of the state are at stake. Increased funding is essential, but so too are…

The ability estimates of Gibbs sampling and the magnitudes of the posterior standard deviations were investigated. Item parameters of the Q-E intelligence test (J. Fraenkel and N. Wallen, 2000) for 44 examinees were obtained using Gibbs sampling, marginal Bayesian estimation, and BILOG. Two normal priors were used in item parameter estimation.…

This report examines levels of debt incurred by students and families for undergraduate education, and explores the implications significant debt levels may have on access to higher education. Included in the analysis are undergraduate debt levels at California public and private institutions and comparisons of California student debt with student…

Using a new twins sample, presents new estimates of schooling returns and "ability" bias and tests that bias's significance. Ability bias may exist even if ability's genetically-endowed component does not affect schooling decisions directly when correlated with other family characteristics (like income) that do affect schooling. (19…

The paper, part of a research series on learning disabled (LD) adolescents, reports findings of a study on the variables which added significantly to group discrimination after ability and achievement had been controlled. Ss were 56 LD and 51 low achieving (LA) students in grades 7 through 12, their parents, and their regular classroom teachers.…

The effects of skewed theta distributions on indices of differential item functioning (DIF) were studied, comparing Mantel Haenszel (N. Mantel and W. Haenszel, 1959) and DFIT (N. S. Raju, W. J. van der Linden, and P. F. Fleer) (noncompensatory DIF). The significance of the study is that in educational and psychological data, the distributions one…

This paper discusses the limitations of Classical Test Theory, the purpose of Item Response Theory/Latent Trait Measurement models, and the step-by-step calculations in the Rasch measurement model. The paper explains how Item Response Theory (IRT) transforms person abilities and item difficulties into the same metric for test-independent and…

Computerized adaptive tests (CATs) are efficient because of their optimal item selection procedures that target maximally informative items at each estimated ability level. However, operational administration of these optimal CATs results in a relatively small subset of items given to examinees too often, while another portion of the item pool is…