Outlines a covariance structure analysis approach to the study of parameter trends. Uses the program RAMONA to illustrate the method by fitting a corresponding confirmatory factor analysis model to correlational data from a study involving several psychometric tests and fluid intelligence tasks. (SLD)

This publication reviews the recent literature on female achievement orientation. It discusses theories of achievement motivation and includes a brief statement on sex-role stereotypes. It also gives specific attention to the ways in which sex-role ideologies and expectations affect female achievement, and examines antecedents of female…

This volume is a collection of background papers and materials prepared for workshop participants engaged in empirical research on the topic of "informed consent with subjects of uncertain competence." The first three papers consider the minimum competence needed to consent to or refuse participation in research, including a…

This report is a review of current literature on the relation of aptitudes to learning outcomes under different instructional methods or conditions. Included are: (1) aptitude-instructional treatment interaction studies; (2) notes on new methodological problems; (3) and studies of individual differences in laboratory learning arrangements.…

Presents a macro, integrative theory of leadership. Emphasizes the role of the leader in assessing the deficiencies in the follower's abilities, motivation, role perception or environmental conditions and in taking action to alleviate deficiencies. Determinants of leader behavior and environmental influence are also central to the theory. (Author)

This research program was designed to investigate the applications of item response theory and computerized adaptive testing to the unique problems of the measurement of ability and the measurement of achievement. The research utilized a combination of monte carlo simulation studies and live-testing studies. The research approach for adaptive…

Adjunct questions are test-like items interspersed at regular intervals, preceding or following prose passages, with the intention of increasing subsequent learning. In this state-of-the-art review, studies which include three major variables--age, ability, and question complexity level--are examined to determine whether a particular combination…

A summary of an extensive literature survey deals with the variables known or suspected to affect the retention of learned motor behaviors over lengthy no-practice intervals. Emphasis was given to research conducted by or for the military. The variables that may affect the retention of motor skills were dichotomized into task variables and…

This report includes a systematized annotated bibliography, arranged alphabetically by author, based on a search and critical analysis of the theoretical, descriptive, and research literature concerning adult problem solving. Each annotation provides bibliographic information plus a nonevaluative summary of the contents of the item. In addition,…