Understanding the development of self-regulated learning (SRL) in applied educational contexts is currently an important goal for researchers. There exists a relatively rich literature for most SRL components in isolation yet the field is lacking in understanding their coordination. This study examined the relationship between metacognitive…

Considerable research has shown that receiving effort-focused praise affects motivation positively, while ability-focused praise affects motivation negatively. However, these studies have investigated only the effects on the one receiving praise (the praisee). Therefore, we examined the effects of praise on the one offering praise (the praiser),…

Studied three common item response theory equating approaches to capturing academic growth using data from a statewide testing program: (1) linear transformation of separate calibrations; (2) fixed common item parameter calibration; and (3) concurrent calibration. Found differences in mean growth depending on ability estimate and equating…

Studied the relevance and significance of goal-orientation theories to 158 high-ability, high-achieving adolescents in summer programs for the gifted. Results show that these adolescents were not free of ego concerns, including fear of failure and of not living up to expectations of peers and teachers, and that ego orientations may be more…

Results indicated that the anxiety treatment in this study was not significantly related to level of intelligence; a significant Sex by Anxiety interaction for both simple and complex problem solving was indicated. (Authors/CB)

Results of three studies indicate that unless a woman is of unusual ability and/or is an acknowledged success, she must expect to be treated inequitably. (Authors/CB)

The mathematics self-efficacy and problem-solving performance of 327 middle school students were assessed with multiple-choice and open-ended methods. No differences in self-efficacy resulted from the different forms of assessment, although those who took the multiple-choice test had higher scores and better calibration of ability. (SLD)

C. S. Dweck's achievement goals model was tested by examining relationships between individual differences in achievement-goal tendencies and perceived causality for 123 undergraduates (45 males and 78 females). The stronger each performance-goal tendency, the more unstable and controllable low ability was perceived. Inconsistencies with Dweck's…

Reactions to praise, blame, and reward received by two children were studied among 79 fourth, sixth, and eighth graders. Findings suggest an alternate and less differentiated cognitive mechanism for the paradoxical effects of praise and blame. Older children showed an increasing preference to be like the nonpraised, nonrewarded, or blamed child.…

A study involving 70 grade school children shows that mothers are fairly accurate in estimating their children's abilities (IQ). Accuracy of estimation does not predict achievement or school grades, but mothers' demands of children are related to beliefs about ability and the children's levels of achievement. (SLD)