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Glazer, Nathan – American Journal of Education, 1984
In the current educational reform movement, the most sobering issue is the relationship between achievement and race. None of the recent major educational reform reports face up to the reality that raising minimum standards and imposing minimum requirements simply increase the failure rate among Blacks. (CMG)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Black Education, Educational Change, Elementary Secondary Education
Australian Journal of Reading, 1980
Written by the Australian Education Council, this article outlines the purpose and the procedures for the Australian Studies in Student Performance program, a project to gather information on achievement in literacy and numeracy of a sample of 10 and 14 year olds. (HTH)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Basic Skills, Elementary Secondary Education, Foreign Countries
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Evans, Ian M.; Brown, Fredda – Special Services in the Schools, 1986
Major issues surrounding the meaningful assessment of students outcomes as part of program evaluation in special education are identified, including: the concept of competence; the development of minimum competency tests; the use of these tests with disabled students; behavioral domains and the classification of competencies; and the measurement…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Competence, Disabilities, Elementary Secondary Education
Popham, W. James – New Directions for Testing and Measurement, 1983
The need for improved accountability has led to more competency-based testing. This provides test makers with the opportunity to have greater impact on the curriculum. Several strategies are suggested for measurement-based instructional improvement. (Author/PN)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Achievement Tests, Curriculum Development, Educational Quality
Sudlow, Robert E. – 1984
Essential to the definition of an effective school is an operational definition of minimum academic mastery as the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and concepts that enable the student to be demonstrably successful in the next grade level in the same school or in any other school in the United States. An effective schools program, such as the one…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Academic Standards, Definitions, Elementary Secondary Education
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Trusz, Andrew R.; Parks-Trusz, Sandra L. – Educational Studies, 1981
Examines the reasons behind and the effects of standardized and minimum competency tests. The authors conclude that the tests lead towards lower performance expectations for disadvantaged students, and increasingly rigid tracking along class, cultural, and racial lines. (AM)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Compensatory Education, Disadvantaged Youth, Educational Opportunities
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Williams, George L. – English Journal, 1980
The Italian educational system's experiences with national examinations might help United States educators understand the impact of state tests on students, schools, and education in general. (JT)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Academic Standards, Competency Based Education, Educational Trends
Sudlow, Robert E. – 1985
Although the topic of effective schools is a popular one among today's educators, researchers, and publishers, there still is no commonly agreed upon definition of an effective school. One definition given by Ronald Edmonds and Lawrence Lezotte is notably precise, measurable, attainable, and easy to determine. They defined an effective school as…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Academic Standards, Definitions, Elementary Secondary Education
Clement, Annie – 1984
Competency testing often refers to a system devised to assure successful performance on a specific test, in addition to other mandated criteria as a requisite to obtaining a high school diploma. Minimum competency testing is usually defined in one of two ways: as the acquisition of basic skills or as the demonstrated ability to apply basic skills…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Court Litigation, Graduation Requirements, High Schools
Bucko, Richard L. – Spectrum, 1986
Reviews historic approaches to grade retention, what research does and does not show about retention, and some factors to weigh when considering retention. Focuses on models developed by H. Wayne Light and Laurence Lieberman. Includes a sample elementary school promotion policy and a sample retention referral form. (IW)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Decision Making, Elementary Education, Evaluation Criteria
Harness, Cindy K. – 1984
Included in this review of the literature on grade retention are annotations for 13 articles supporting nonpromotion policies, 13 articles refuting nonpromotion policies, and 5 articles arguing that both policies result in undesirable consequences. Articles are identified as being: (1) original research comparing students retained with students…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Academic Standards, Educational History, Elementary Secondary Education
Huff, Sheila M.; And Others – 1980
Focusing on the competency based education movement (CBE), this chapter is one of seven sections of a report that examines the assessment of occupational competence. The chapter begins by reviewing the prominent CBE programs, their institutional objectives, and how competencies are identified and assessed. In particular, the degree to which…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Comparative Analysis, Competence, Competency Based Education
Frederiksen, Norman – 1994
Past research on the effects of Minimum Competency Tests (MCT) on teaching and learning is reviewed, and the large database of the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) is used to shed more light on these effects. There seems to be little doubt that MCT, together with associated changes in instructional methods, has produced some…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Achievement Tests, Age Differences, Educational History
Pullin, Diana – 1982
There is no current evidence that Minimum Competency Testing (MCT) used to deny high school diplomas has enhanced equal educational opportunities for minority students. Test results, largely indicate that MCT requirements impact disproportionately on black students. Black students' scores may reflect a long history of racial discrimination in the…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Black Students, Court Litigation, Educational Malpractice
Koretz, Daniel – American Educator: The Professional Journal of the American Federation of Teachers, 1988
Student test scores are increasingly used to judge the competence of the educational enterprise. Exaggeration of scores is the result of directing attention away from the individual student achievement to the average scores of schools, districts, and states. Implications and recommendations are discussed. (BJV)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Achievement Tests, Boards of Education, Educational Testing
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