We document the characteristics of children and young adults identified in the Panel Study of Income Dynamics as having a learning disability and study whether legislative changes in diagnosis criteria have had a noticeable effect determining who receives a diagnosis. We further document that children and young adults identified as a having a…

The paper, part of a research series on learning disabled (LD) adolescents, reports findings of a study on the variables which added significantly to group discrimination after ability and achievement had been controlled. Ss were 56 LD and 51 low achieving (LA) students in grades 7 through 12, their parents, and their regular classroom teachers.…

The study investigated the similarities between 55 delinquent, 46 low achieving (LA), 45 learning disabled (LD), and 30 normal achieving (NA) adolescents from grades 7 through 12 and their parents. Each adolescent and parent was given a questionnaire covering a wide variety of descriptive variables. In addition, data or grade point average,…

The relationship of lateral awareness and directionality with intellectual ability, academic achievement, and age was investigated with 288 first through third grade elementary school children. With the exception of first graders, Ss were administered three tests: the Lockavitch Test for Lateral Awareness and Directionality (LTLAD), the Short Form…

The second in a series of papers on a study of the environmental setting of learning disabled (LD) adolescents and young adults reports research on cognitive and academic functioning of 234 LD, 162 low achieving (LA), and 215 normally achieving (NA) secondary students and on socioeconomic status and school experiences. Data were obtained from Ss…

Three concurrent validity studies were conducted on the relationship between performances on formative measures of spelling and performances on standardized spelling achievement measures using learning disabled (LD) and non-LD elementary students. Results of correlational analysis for four formative measures and three standardized measures…

One of a series of papers on a study of the environmental setting of learning disabled (LD) secondary students, the document reports findings on academic self image and attributions for academic failure of 234 LD, 222 low achieving (LA), and 215 normal achieving (NA) students. Ss were asked questions related to their satisfaction with school,…

Academic enabling behaviors play a significant role in the development of academically competent students. Academic enablers are behaviors that facilitate learning such as social skills, study skills, motivation, and engagement. In this study, teacher and student ratings were used to describe the academic enablers of a nationally representative…

This paper compared the performance of 22 seventh-grade controls in a traditional special education program with at least one period of resource room instruction to the performance of 22 students in a supportive inclusionary model program. In each group, there were 17 students with learning disabilities and 5 students with behavior disorders.…

Effectively teaching low-achieving and learning disabled students is challenging. Concept-based instruction is recognized as a particularly effective technique for helping students in these populations attain high levels of achievement (Tindal, Nolet, & Blake, 1992). The maze (a reading selection where certain words have been deleted and…