The literature reveals a marked decline in performance on the Visual Reproduction subtest with increasing age. Both level of education and intelligence seemed to exert a substantial influence on performance which may be significant in clinical evaluations. (Author)

While language has been the chief factor cited as causing Chicano youth to score below the majority population on mental and educational measurement scales, other explanatory factors identified by researchers over the years include socio-economic status, residential area (urban/rural), ethnicity and culture. Citations for 253 studies, books,…