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Bahena, Sofia – Child Development, 2020
Scholars have proposed that immigrant optimism explains why some immigrant students outperform their United States-born peers academically. Yet, immigrant optimism has not been directly measured. This study aims to test the immigrant optimism hypothesis by operationalizing it using the Children's Hope Scale. Using structural equation modeling, the…
Descriptors: Immigrants, Psychological Patterns, Positive Attitudes, Hispanic American Students
Chen, Xinyin; Zhou, Jiaxi; Li, Dan; Liu, Junsheng; Dai, Yan; Zhou, Tong – Child Development, 2023
This 2-year longitudinal study examined relations between enjoyment of learning in Chinese and mathematics, two major subjects in Chinese schools, and indexes of school performance. The participants included 1041 students (501 boys) initially in third, fifth, and seventh grades (mean age = 10.49 years) in China. Data on enjoyment of Chinese and…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Chinese, Grade 3, Grade 5
Amsterlaw, Jennifer; Lagattuta, Kristin Hansen; Meltzoff, Andrew N. – Child Development, 2009
This study assessed young children's understanding of the effects of emotional and physiological states on cognitive performance. Five, 6-, 7-year-olds, and adults (N = 96) predicted and explained how children experiencing a variety of physiological and emotional states would perform on academic tasks. Scenarios included: (a) negative and positive…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Psychological Patterns, Adults
Jordan, Lucy P.; Graham, Elspeth – Child Development, 2012
There has been little systematic empirical research on the well-being of children in transnational households in South-East Asia--a major sending region for contract migrants. This study uses survey data collected in 2008 from children aged 9, 10, and 11 and their caregivers in Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam (N = 1,498). Results indicate…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Well Being, Family (Sociological Unit), Migrant Workers
Coley, Rebekah Levine; Lombardi, Caitlin McPherran – Child Development, 2013
This study assessed whether previous findings linking early maternal employment to lower cognitive and behavioral skills among middle-class and White children generalized to other groups. Using a representative sample of urban, low-income, predominantly African American and Hispanic families ("n" = 444), ordinary least squares regression…
Descriptors: Mothers, Employed Parents, Child Development, Low Income Groups
Benner, Aprile D.; Graham, Sandra – Child Development, 2009
The high school transition was examined in an ethnically diverse, urban sample of 1,979 adolescents, followed from 7th to 10th grade (M[subscript age] = 14.6, SD = 0.37 in 7th grade). Twice annually, data were gathered on adolescents' perceptions of school climate, psychological functioning, and academic behaviors. Piecewise growth modeling…
Descriptors: High Schools, Middle Schools, Racial Differences, African American Students
Wang, Qian; Pomerantz, Eva M.; Chen, Huichang – Child Development, 2007
This research compared the effects over time of parents' control and autonomy support on children's functioning in the United States and China. American and Chinese (N = 806) seventh graders (mean age = 12.73 years) participated in a 6-month longitudinal study. Children reported on their parents' psychological control, psychological autonomy…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Grade 7, Psychology, Parent Role
Crosnoe, Robert; Needham, Belinda – Child Development, 2004
This study treated a key relationship in the developmental ecology of adolescence, friendships, as multidimensional and context specific. First, it examined 4 characteristics of friends (academic achievement, alcohol use, emotional distress, and extracurricular participation) as independent factors and as components in holistic friendship group…
Descriptors: Friendship, Drinking, Adolescent Development, Adolescents
Gerard, Jean M.; Buehler, Cheryl – Child Development, 2004
Using data from 5,070 youth ages 11 to 18 years old who participated in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, concurrent and longitudinal associations among cumulative risk, protective factors, and youth maladjustment were examined. Cumulative risk was associated with concurrent conduct problems and depressed mood. For conduct…
Descriptors: Adjustment (to Environment), Psychological Patterns, Risk, Academic Achievement

Wolfson, Amy R.; Carskadon, Mary A. – Child Development, 1998
Studied relationship between adolescents' sleep/wake habits and daytime functioning. Found that self-reported total sleep times decreased from age 13 to 19 years. Struggling or failing students obtained less sleep, went to bed later, and had greater weekend delays of sleep than those with better grades. Students with inadequate sleep reported…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Adjustment (to Environment), Adolescent Behavior, Adolescent Development