Recess is a mainstay in schools. It is assumed recess has positive impacts on the academic, behavioral, and social experiences of youth. In this systematic literature review, we explored empirical studies that examined these areas. We provide a synthesis of the literature to assist researchers and clinicians in designing effective interventions.…

Project RECESS (Review, Evaluate, and Create Effective Strategies and Stations) is a project designed to decrease negative behaviors at recess in a large United States public school district. This brief review summarizes the key literature guiding the development of further data collection and focuses on defining recess, academic, social, and…

There is a need to investigate motivational constructs for students traditionally underrepresented in educational research. In this study, we measured academic self-handicapping behavior, achievement goal orientations, and achievement in math and literacy in 327 urban, middle school students. Moderated mediation regression analyses were conducted…