Much has been written about gifted students with learning disabilities, but there have been few large-scale empirical investigations, and the concept has proven controversial. The authors reviewed the available empirical literature on these students, focusing on (a) the criteria by which the students were identified and (b) the students'…

The purpose of this study is to provide an up-to-date review of the literature on postsecondary students classified as having learning disabilities (LD). The review focused on the criteria by which students were classified as LD and the cognitive and achievement characteristics of the participants. From almost 400 studies, only 30% were empirical…

Investigated cognitive ability, academic achievement, and social-behavioral competencies of 80 students referred for academic problems, and relationship of these data to learning disability classification decisions. Forty subjects were classified as learning disabled, and 40 were not identified as handicapped. Variables found to correlate most…

By using a taxonomy of instructional strategy variables, an Instructional Strategy Diagnostic Profile (ISDP) was developed which can be used either to determine a judged index of instructional effectiveness for a previously designed instructional product or to guide the design and development of a new instructional product. Existing experimental…

A study of 373 students with suspected learning disabilities found that different measures for calculating discrepancies between aptitude and achievement and for measuring achievement resulted in relatively little agreement on appropriate classification. A second study, using computer-simulated data, provided a framework for generalizations to a…

Issues raised in responses to Linda Siegel's paper (EC221505) on the relationship between intelligence test scores and learning disabilities are addressed. Discussed are the nature of intelligence, classification of learning disabilities by discrepancy between intelligence test scores and achievement scores, the existence of learning disabilities,…

This article, which introduces six papers on the validity of distinguishing subgroups of children with language and learning disabilities based on discrepancies between academic attainment and intelligence test scores, comments on the papers' diversity in samples, measurement characteristics, and statistical approaches and outlines the studies'…

A comparison of cognitive, academic, and linguistic profiles for 74 learning-disabled students and 37 nondisabled college students found significant differences in reading, writing, listening, and speaking achievement. No significant differences were found for gender or Verbal-Performance split in cognitive ability. Instruments used showed similar…

Demonstrates the use of cluster analysis to uncover classification structure in children referred for psychological evaluations. Data were acquired on intellectual development, academic achievement, and social adjustment. The cluster solution identifies six groups which are statistically distinct. All three measurement areas are important in…

Basic features and methodological requirements of a cognitive-behavioral perspective on childhood anxieties and phobias and their social and academic implications are discussed. Topics addressed include disorder classification, multimethod problem solving, data collection treatment techniques, and the role of teachers. (TJH)

Examined racial, gender, intellectual, achievement, and grade-level status of 344 students referred for learning disabilities diagnosis. Found that being white, older, and of higher intelligence and achievement were characteristics of those found ineligible despite severe discrepancy. Being female and less academically able were characteristics of…

Questions educational relevance of direct measures of learning such as the Learning Potential Assessment Device, assessment of biomedical factors, and adaptative behavior measures. Notes increased discrepancies between EMR and average students in high school. Suggests a generic classification for the mildly handicapped and the combining of groups…

This report describes efforts to develop and implement a technique for using information on school performance as a tool in improving planning and management within a large urban school system. The Urban Institute and the Atlanta schools are attempting to demonstrate a technique for grouping schools on the basis of their student composition,…

Analysis of 150 students (grades 2 through 4) referred to School Study Teams found 43 were classified with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and 12 with emotional/behavioral disorders, but most of these students were placed in learning disability programs. Differences in student achievement, intelligence, and social skills for the three…