This study compared the academic performance of seventh-grade students on a state-mandated social studies accountability test by the instructional time configuration used and explored the relationship among the variables of gender, race and poverty on this performance. Results of 24,919 seventh-grade student social studies test scores from 117…

American schools must develop creative ways to maximize student learning and add instructional time to improve student performance without adding additional days to the school calendar. extending the school day. or increasing cost. Block scheduling may add instructional time to the school day, provide more time for in-depth instruction, and…

Because of increasing student enrollment, a new school was formed in a small low-income Southern California school district. Teachers could choose to transfer to the new school or remain at the existing school. Over five years, quantitative analyses of demographic data showed little differences between the two schools across the years except for a…