The prevailing assumption by some that deep processing promotes stronger learning outcomes while surface processing promotes weaker learning outcomes has been called into question by the inconsistency and ambiguity of results in investigations of the relation between levels of processing and performance. The purpose of this literature review is to…

This study surveyed 1,234 empirical studies on giftedness, gifted education, and creativity during 1998-2010 (April), using PsycINFO database and targeted journals as main sources, with respect to main topics these studies focused on, methods they used for investigation, and the conceptual spaces they traversed. Four main research topics emerged…

It is of major importance to use psychological tests and questionnaires that are carefully constructed so that their reliability and validity can be determined in different (sub)cultures (Campbell & Tirri, 2004). However, a necessary prerequisite for this is the development of solid conceptual constructs. Otherwise, the researcher runs into the…

Forty-four undergradute marihuana users were asked to complete the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule and to report their high school and college grade-point averages. Ss were compared to a control group of 44 Ss who never had used marihuana. (Author)

This article extends the work in the area of academic achievement among adolescents through an examination of the role clique membership plays in determining grades students receive. (Author/RK)

This article reviews research on evidence-based treatments (EBTs) for ethnic minority youth using criteria from Chambless et al. (1998), Chambless et al. (1996), and Chambless and Hollon (1998). Although no "well-established" treatments were identified, "probably efficacious" or "possibly efficacious" treatments were found for ethnic minority…

This study was designed to longitudinally assess the predictive validity and the nature of the relationships of scholastic achievement, clerical skill, and social self-esteem with the job success of hard-core unemployed clerical workers. (Author/RK)

The present research was carried out in order to determine if, in fact, the performance of anxiety-prone individuals under stress could be improved by instructing them that they have personal control over a stressor. (Author)

The implications for education are discussed in an experiment that measured student desire to achieve either at a high or low standard in the classroom. (Editor/RK)

Reviews psychological research on motivation and educational achievement, discussing gender and contributions by feminist researchers. Feminist psychologists note sex bias and methodological flaws in traditional research on achievement motivation, proposing improved models (Eccles' expectancy x value model of achievement behavior). Contrary to…

A sample of 741 students worked through a self-instructional chemistry program after completing tests of extraversion, neuroticism, verbal intelligence, non-verbal intelligence and background knowledge in chemistry. Results showed none of the interactions involving neuroticism was significant, and indicated that the significant interaction…

A research study evaluated the possible sex differences between males and females on job outcome importance as a function of occupational level. (RK)

One hundred culturally disadvantaged children were tested on culture-fair (Raven) and culturally biased (WISC) tests, and scores were correlated with academic achievement. (Author)

Presents new data suggesting the need for more broadly-conceived data bases before broad conclusions about motivation can be made, and calling for a reevaluation of the concept of success. (Author/JM)

Describes a study of second, third, and fourth grade children in Israel to determine if computer assisted instruction is utilized differently by different groups of students (younger and older), and extent to which effort expenditure (total amount of time a child is engaged at the computer) is related to achievement. (MBR)