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Download full textStephen B. Holt; Katie Vinopal; Heasun Choi; Lucy C. Sorensen – Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University, 2022
While a growing body of literature has documented the negative impacts of exclusionary punishments, such as suspensions, on academic outcomes, less is known about how teachers vary in disciplinary behaviors and the attendant impacts on students. We use administrative data from North Carolina elementary schools to examine the extent to which…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Elementary School Teachers, Discipline Policy, Expulsion
