School violence and bullying are two public health concerns with consequences for youth in and out of school, for families, students, and community members. In this article, a social-ecological framework is briefly described as a way to understand bullying and school violence; then the National Center for Educational Statistics (NCES) longitudinal…

Background/Context: Principles of evidential reasoning have often been discussed in the context of educational and psychological measurement with respect to construct validity and validity arguments. More recently, Mislevy proposed the metaphor of assessment as an evidentiary argument about students' learning and abilities given their…

Few comparative studies of American Indian education have been completed. Despite the frequent tendency of researchers to generalize about the education of American Indians, little knowledge exists beyond local and occasional regional studies. Understanding the educational diversity of contemporary American Indians requires widescale controlled…

TO IDENTIFY THE LEARNING DIFFICULTIES OF DISADVANTAGED YOUTH AND TO DEVELOP POLICIES TO ADVANCE THEIR INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT, EDUCATORS MUST DETERMINE THE SOURCES AND CAUSES OF THIS RETARDATION. THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN CERTAIN IRREVERSIBLE BIOLOGICAL SOURCES OF RETARDATION, SUCH AS GENETIC DEFECT OR BRAIN DAMAGE, AND SOCIAL SOURCES WHICH STEM…

AS SHOWN IN TWO STUDIES INVOLVING U.S. NAVY ELECTRONICS TRAINEES AND IN ONE INVOLVING STUDENTS IN AN INTRODUCTORY PSYCHOLOGY COURSE, MINIATURE LEARNING SITUATIONS CAN BE USED TO PREDICT CLASSROOM PERFORMANCE. WHEN A SINGLE PROGRAM IS USED TO OBTAIN A MEASURE OF LEARNING ABILITY, THE COMBINATION OF THE RESULTING GAIN MEASURES OF LEARNING ABILITY…

In its summary of the literacy situation in thirteen Asian countries, this report analyzes the problems created by illiteracy and makes recommendations to aid in its eradication. Recognizing that illiteracy prevents people from participating in or contributing to their nation's development, part 1 in its general report develops a model national…