The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of Equal Opportunity Schools on high school minority achievement in Advanced Placement (AP) and International Baccalaureate (IB) courses. The 48% of students in this research study were identified as minority students, which means they were identified as non-white or African American/Black,…

Research has shown that inequitable participation in computer science education is an occupational injustice for students with disabilities, as it is an unfair and inequitable distribution of occupational opportunities. There is limited information regarding how schools' capacity for and access to computer science education relates to the…

This case study mapped patterns of disproportionality in Advanced Placement (AP) access, enrollment, and completion for systemically excluded students through secondary data analysis of the Civil Rights Data Collection (2015-6), and documents the degree of segregation within two diverse school districts. Although there was relatively robust…

A lack of access to a sequence of introductory to top-level curricula in rural schools has widened the achievement disparity between rural and urban students and influenced the number of college degree holders in rural areas. Recently, surging diversity and differentiation in income levels across nonurbanized areas can serve as determinants of the…

Advanced placement (AP) is traditionally used to provide rigorous secondary coursework and provide potential postsecondary credit for secondary education students. One of the criticisms of AP is the difference in access across schools. Concurrent enrollment (CE) offers similar opportunities to AP but has been theorized to provide greater access.…

Research has shown that student access and achievement in advanced precollege chemistry has been largely inequitable when considering certain demographic factors. In this nonexperimental observational study, an intersectional analysis of ethnicity and gender was utilized to examine United States student participation and performance (N = 146,610)…

This fact sheet uses data from the 2017-18 Civil Rights Data Collection (CRDC) to explore information about dual enrollment and Advanced Placement (AP) exam participation for students enrolled in grades nine to 12. This fact sheet is a complement to an August 2021 fact sheet [ED616295] that covered AP and IB course-taking using the same CRDC data.…

Black and Latinx students are underrepresented in advanced placement (AP) and dual enrollment (DE), and implicit bias of educators has been discussed as one potential contributor. This study tests whether aggregate measures of implicit and explicit racial bias are related to AP and DE participation and racial/ethnic gaps in participation,…

It is evident that more qualitative research on Advanced Placement [AP] classrooms for students from marginalized backgrounds is needed to uncover how AP practices and pedagogies might better serve students who had been historically excluded from the AP Program. I asked my former calculus students (32 total - 22 participated) from my last three…

Upholding critical race theory (CRT)'s transdisciplinary approach to unveil the educational violence against Students of Color, we apply W.E.B. Du Bois's story of John from the chapter "Of the Coming of John" in "The Souls of Black Folk." In doing so, we expose the problematic ideological and practical structures used for the…

In the United States, education continues to be plagued by a racial achievement gap that disproportionately affects Black children. Although significant progress has been made in eliminating some of the country's long-standing racial discriminatory practices, the effort to eradicate racism remains unfinished as long as disparities exist between…

A common rationale for offering online courses in K-12 schools is that they allow students to take courses not offered at their schools; however, there has been little research on how online courses are used to expand curricular options when operating at scale. We assess the extent to which students and schools use online courses for this purpose…

The Advanced Placement (AP) program offers an opportunity for students to earn college credit and develop college-ready skills in high school. The curriculum was initially designed for "superior" students at exclusive private schools. Recently, however, the AP program has expanded to serve more students from marginalized backgrounds, and…

The first College Acceleration Playbook, "Accelerating Students from High School to College and Careers: A Playbook for State Policymakers" (ED612490) identifies a series of non-negotiables that states, colleges, universities and schools can use to strengthen their college acceleration programs to benefit all students --especially those…

These Web Tables provide the most recent national statistics on the availability of these academically rigorous courses and programs, the percentage of graduates who earn high school credits in them, and the postsecondary outcomes of students who earned varying numbers of such credits. They use nationally representative survey and transcript data…