This fact sheet on assistive technology for people with mental retardation (MR) defines assistive technology, notes how it can benefit people with MR, discusses how it is used by people with MR, lists factors to consider before using assistive technology, outlines barriers in obtaining assistive technology for people with MR, and mentions two…

This book presents a guide to the concept of universal design, the design of products and environments to be usable to the greatest extent possible by people of all ages and abilities/disabilities. Chapters 1 and 2 present a brief history of universal design and examine the spectrum of human abilities. Chapter 3 addresses the seven principles of…

Guidelines for selecting appropriate assistive devices which afford disabled individuals access to computers are presented. In general, the individual who is to use the computer must be evaluated first to ensure that the adaptive device makes the most efficient use of his/her muscle control, mobility, reflexes, etc. (CB)

Problems in bathing a child who is physically disabled are described, and products that can assist are reviewed, such as reclining bath seats and bath lifts. A directory of bath and incontinence aids lists approximately 80 companies with codes for the types of products they make available. (JDD)

This paper describes the development and evaluation of a low-cost head-operated joystick for computer users with disabilities that prevent them from using a conventional hand-operated computer mouse and/or keyboard. The paper focuses on three issues: first, the style of head movement required by the device; second, whether a head-operated device…

Discusses the need for all facilities to be accessible for people with disabilities. Describes devices that have enabled them to move into the mainstream of society. Includes design briefs with objectives, challenges, evaluation, and a student quiz. (JOW)

The devices listed in this reference circular are designed to assist people with visual or physical disabilities to access information displayed on a computer screen. These devices include screen magnifiers, screen readers, web browsers, and devices that convert print into synthetic speech or braille. Section 1 lists available products. Section 2…

The use of row/column scanning, a technique for accessing a large number of selections with a single volitional action, is considered for individuals with disabilities. It is explained that such a scanning approach is particularly useful for those with only one volitional action, or those, such as people with cerebral palsy, who have pointing…

This column introduces Universal Design for Learning (UDL) by explaining the concept of universal design (initial design of buildings and other products to maximize accessibility for all people), universal design applied to educational materials, the central role of learning goals in universal design, and distinctions between universal design and…

Environmental control units, or ECUs, are devices or systems which allow for alternate access to electronic or electrical devices and those objects, like draperies and doors, which may be adapted for use with electricity. Such devices offer the person with a mobility limitation the opportunity to control his or her environment, thus enhancing the…

This paper examines ways to make World Wide Web browsers accessible for individuals with disabilities, and through them, gain access to the information on the Web. It discusses which browsers can be made more accessible and evaluates different types of input. Mouse access, keyboard access, and voice input are reviewed. Processing aids, such as…

Forty-two U.S. companies that manufacture or distribute wheelchair carriers, van lifts, and ramps are listed, with addresses and telephone numbers. (PB)

This issue of the "Quarterly Resource" reviews the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the act's implications for Head Start programs, and offers suggestions for developing plans for complying with the provisions of the act. After a brief introduction, an overview of ADA is presented, followed by several examples and cost estimates…

Techniques for modifying toys for children with cerebral palsy to enhance active, independent use of play materials are described. The most successful techniques include stabilization; creating boundaries; and use of grasping aids, manipulation aids, and switches. Good positioning is emphasized to maximize controlled and relaxed movement and…

This article describes: the specific obstacles to complete accessibility of the disabled to computer technology; the role of adaptive devices in the use of computer technology; the development of these devices; types, descriptions, and classifications of adaptive devices; and recommendations for practice and future research. (Author/CB)