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Frans, Niek; Post, W. J.; Oenema-Mostert, C. E.; Minnaert, A. E. M. G. – Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 2020
Standardised tests play an important role in early childhood (EC) education in many countries. Although teachers' conceptions largely determine whether and how these instruments are used, research on this topic is scarce. As a result, factors that influence conceptions of standardised testing have remained largely unexplored. To examine teachers'…
Descriptors: Preschool Teachers, Kindergarten, Teacher Attitudes, Standardized Tests
Haanstra, Folkert; And Others – 1997
Art education in The Netherlands, which had been dominated by an expressive approach that emphasized creative self-expression, has recently changed its emphasis to reflect a discipline-based approach and the wish for more accountability in art instruction. Final examinations have been produced for secondary art classes, with the testing of art…
Descriptors: Accountability, Art Appreciation, Art Education, Art Expression