On 10 October 1925 a ceremony was planned for the scenic fields behind the former tribal school in Oneida, Wisconsin. The event was expected to accomplish a number of goals: it would assert political authority by a group of Oneidas, establish traditional leadership of the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Confederacy locally, and affirm the Wisconsin…

Navajo Reservation trading posts held an influential position between two cultures and operated on Navajo terms but also were an assimilative force emphasizing white values through the marketing of Navajo wool and rugs, traffic in prehistoric artifacts, and employment of Navajos in a mixed barter and wage economy. (SV)

Interactions among Shawnees, Quakers, and Indian agent William Wells illustrate the frustrations of tribes that sought acculturation in the early nineteenth century. Although William Kirk and other Quaker missionaries established good relations with Shawnees eager to learn White agricultural practices, their successes were undone by bureaucratic…

Reviews the recent literature on John Eliot--seventeenth-century Massachusetts missionary, minister, and millenarian. Examines disagreements between Alden Vaughan's and Francis Jennings's interpretations of Eliot's missionary writings and Puritan-Indian relations. Discusses James Axtell's ethnohistorical interpretation of Eliot. Emphasizes the…

Suggests new frame of reference, based on world-system and dependency theories, to study acculturation and annihilation of Native American groups. Discusses Indians' response to acculturation and reinterprets previous research. Suggests new questions for study and directions for inquiry. Includes two diagrams, seven pages of notes. (TES)

Journal editor and founder of the National Indian Defence Association, Thomas Bland was a unique, persistent voice crying for retention of Indian rights in the 1880s. Although accepting the goal of Indian assimilation, Bland insisted it must be gradual and voluntary, and vigorously opposed coercive allotment of reservation land. (SV)

Traces the history of the Chippewa tribe of Turtle Mountain Reservation, and relates it to Louise Erdrich's fictional depiction of assimilation over four generations. Discusses the French heritage of reservation families; development of Michif, a mixture of Cree and French; and effects of land allotment and BIA schooling. (SV)

Navajo women have been at the core of economic and social control in their traditionally matrilineal society. Interviews with Navajo women in southeastern Utah suggest that the increasing educational attainment and career aspirations of young Navajo women are creating internal pressures for cultural change and modernization. (SV)

While other reservations were being forcibly allotted among tribal members, the Menominees retained their land in common, gained control of exploitation of reservation timber resources, and profited from the operations of their own lumber mill. A new theory of the impact of market economies on Indian peoples is needed. (SV)

Traces and compares the histories of Black and American-Indian participation in collegiate and professional football. Discusses athletic participation by minority groups as a challenge to segregation and notions of White superiority; as a challenge to the persistence of racist stereotypes in media coverage; and as a foundation for the…

Examines Western films in context of post-World War II attitudes regarding racial equality. Film "Broken Arrow" and Eliott Arnold's novel "Blood Brother," both recounting story of Apache chief Cochise, examined as benchmark works in national racial attitudes. Films generally seen as supporting Indian assimilation into White…

Examines schooling on the Kiowa-Comanche-Apache Reservation in southwestern Oklahoma, 1871-1915. Focuses on the difficulties of holding school on the reservation, government policies aimed at "civilizing" the Indian, the gap between policy rhetoric and reality, and ways in which Indian students resisted cultural destruction while…

Traces the development of the English-as-a-second-language program for American Indian students at Hampton Institute (Virginia), beginning in 1878. Describes how Hampton teachers reexamined their practices in light of students' experiences and experimented with new pedagogical approaches and theories, some of which would become tenets of…

In the early 1900s, the Alaskan Bureau of Education tried to lure the Inupiat away from "corrupting" white mining communities and encourage settlement of new Native communities by erecting schools in areas isolated from white influence. The Inupiat's interest in Western education plus the opportunity to maintain traditional subsistence…