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Direct linkFuruya-Kanamori, Luis; Lin, Lifeng; Kostoulas, Polychronis; Clark, Justin; Xu, Chang – Research Synthesis Methods, 2023
Limiting the search date is a common approach utilised in therapeutic/interventional rapid reviews. Yet the accuracy of pooled estimates is unknown when applied to rapid reviews of diagnostic test accuracy studies. Data from all systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy studies published in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, until…
Descriptors: Diagnostic Tests, Accuracy, Meta Analysis, Item Banks
Guido Schwarzer; Gerta Rücker; Cristina Semaca – Research Synthesis Methods, 2024
The "LFK" index has been promoted as an improved method to detect bias in meta-analysis. Putatively, its performance does not depend on the number of studies in the meta-analysis. We conducted a simulation study, comparing the "LFK" index test to three standard tests for funnel plot asymmetry in settings with smaller or larger…
Descriptors: Bias, Meta Analysis, Simulation, Evaluation Methods
Kataoka, Yuki; Taito, Shunsuke; Yamamoto, Norio; So, Ryuhei; Tsutsumi, Yusuke; Anan, Keisuke; Banno, Masahiro; Tsujimoto, Yasushi; Wada, Yoshitaka; Sagami, Shintaro; Tsujimoto, Hiraku; Nihashi, Takashi; Takeuchi, Motoki; Terasawa, Teruhiko; Iguchi, Masahiro; Kumasawa, Junji; Ichikawa, Takumi; Furukawa, Ryuki; Yamabe, Jun; Furukawa, Toshi A. – Research Synthesis Methods, 2023
There are currently no abstract classifiers, which can be used for new diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) systematic reviews to select primary DTA study abstracts from database searches. Our goal was to develop machine-learning-based abstract classifiers for new DTA systematic reviews through an open competition. We prepared a dataset of abstracts…
Descriptors: Competition, Classification, Diagnostic Tests, Accuracy
Ferdinand Valentin Stoye; Claudia Tschammler; Oliver Kuss; Annika Hoyer – Research Synthesis Methods, 2024
The development of new statistical models for the meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies is still an ongoing field of research, especially with respect to summary receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. In the recently published updated version of the "Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Diagnostic Test…
Descriptors: Diagnostic Tests, Accuracy, Barriers, Models
Xu, Chang; Ju, Ke; Lin, Lifeng; Jia, Pengli; Kwong, Joey S. W.; Syed, Asma; Furuya-Kanamori, Luis – Research Synthesis Methods, 2022
Rapid reviews have been widely employed to support timely decision-making, and limiting the search date is the most popular approach in published rapid reviews. We assessed the accuracy and workload of search date limits on the meta-analytical results to determine the best rapid strategy. The meta-analyses data were collected from the Cochrane…
Descriptors: Evidence, Synthesis, Accuracy, Meta Analysis
Jinma Ren; Jia Ma; Joseph C. Cappelleri – Research Synthesis Methods, 2024
A random-effects model is often applied in meta-analysis when considerable heterogeneity among studies is observed due to the differences in patient characteristics, timeframe, treatment regimens, and other study characteristics. Since 2014, the journals "Research Synthesis Methods" and the "Annals of Internal Medicine" have…
Descriptors: Meta Analysis, Effect Size, Oncology, Patients
Maxi Schulz; Malte Kramer; Oliver Kuss; Tim Mathes – Research Synthesis Methods, 2024
In sparse data meta-analyses (with few trials or zero events), conventional methods may distort results. Although better-performing one-stage methods have become available in recent years, their implementation remains limited in practice. This study examines the impact of using conventional methods compared to one-stage models by re-analysing…
Descriptors: Meta Analysis, Data Analysis, Research Methodology, Research Problems
Gerald Gartlehner; Leila Kahwati; Rainer Hilscher; Ian Thomas; Shannon Kugley; Karen Crotty; Meera Viswanathan; Barbara Nussbaumer-Streit; Graham Booth; Nathaniel Erskine; Amanda Konet; Robert Chew – Research Synthesis Methods, 2024
Data extraction is a crucial, yet labor-intensive and error-prone part of evidence synthesis. To date, efforts to harness machine learning for enhancing efficiency of the data extraction process have fallen short of achieving sufficient accuracy and usability. With the release of large language models (LLMs), new possibilities have emerged to…
Descriptors: Data Collection, Evidence, Synthesis, Language Processing
Timo Gnambs; Ulrich Schroeders – Research Synthesis Methods, 2024
Meta-analyses of treatment effects in randomized control trials are often faced with the problem of missing information required to calculate effect sizes and their sampling variances. Particularly, correlations between pre- and posttest scores are frequently not available. As an ad-hoc solution, researchers impute a constant value for the missing…
Descriptors: Accuracy, Meta Analysis, Randomized Controlled Trials, Effect Size
de Jong, Valentijn M. T.; Campbell, Harlan; Maxwell, Lauren; Jaenisch, Thomas; Gustafson, Paul; Debray, Thomas P. A. – Research Synthesis Methods, 2023
A common problem in the analysis of multiple data sources, including individual participant data meta-analysis (IPD-MA), is the misclassification of binary variables. Misclassification may lead to biased estimators of model parameters, even when the misclassification is entirely random. We aimed to develop statistical methods that facilitate…
Descriptors: Classification, Meta Analysis, Bayesian Statistics, Evaluation Methods
Mizutani, Shosuke; Zhou, Yi; Tian, Yu-Shi; Takagi, Tatsuya; Ohkubo, Tadayasu; Hattori, Satoshi – Research Synthesis Methods, 2023
Meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) is a powerful statistical method for synthesizing and evaluating the diagnostic capacity of medical tests and has been extensively used by clinical physicians and healthcare decision-makers. However, publication bias (PB) threatens the validity of meta-analysis of DTA. Some statistical methods have…
Descriptors: Meta Analysis, Diagnostic Tests, Accuracy, Publications
Michelle M. Haby; Jorge Otávio Maia Barreto; Jenny Yeon Hee Kim; Sasha Peiris; Cristián Mansilla; Marcela Torres; Diego Emmanuel Guerrero-Magaña; Ludovic Reveiz – Research Synthesis Methods, 2024
Rapid review methodology aims to facilitate faster conduct of systematic reviews to meet the needs of the decision-maker, while also maintaining quality and credibility. This systematic review aimed to determine the impact of different methodological shortcuts for undertaking rapid reviews on the risk of bias (RoB) of the results of the review.…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Medical Research, Research Reports, Search Strategies
Caspar J. Van Lissa; Eli-Boaz Clapper; Rebecca Kuiper – Research Synthesis Methods, 2024
The product Bayes factor (PBF) synthesizes evidence for an informative hypothesis across heterogeneous replication studies. It can be used when fixed- or random effects meta-analysis fall short. For example, when effect sizes are incomparable and cannot be pooled, or when studies diverge significantly in the populations, study designs, and…
Descriptors: Hypothesis Testing, Evaluation Methods, Replication (Evaluation), Sample Size
Nyaga, Victoria N.; Arbyn, Marc – Research Synthesis Methods, 2023
We developed "metadta," a flexible, robust, and user-friendly statistical procedure that fuses established and innovative statistical methods for meta-analysis, meta-regression, and network meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies in Stata. Using data from published meta-analyses, we validate "metadta" by comparing and…
Descriptors: Metadata, Accuracy, Diagnostic Tests, Statistical Analysis
Muller, Ashley Elizabeth; Ames, Heather Melanie R.; Jardim, Patricia Sofia Jacobsen; Rose, Christopher James – Research Synthesis Methods, 2022
Systematic reviews are resource-intensive. The machine learning tools being developed mostly focus on the study identification process, but tools to assist in analysis and categorization are also needed. One possibility is to use unsupervised automatic text clustering, in which each study is automatically assigned to one or more meaningful…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Man Machine Systems, Automation, Literature Reviews
