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Direct linkZhang, Ziyao; Carlisle, Nancy B. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
Can we use attentional control to ignore known distractor features? Providing cues before a visual search trial about an upcoming distractor color (negative cue) can lead to reaction time benefits compared with no cue trials. This suggests top-down control may use negative templates to actively suppress distractor features, a notion that…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Cues, Visual Perception, Interference (Learning)
O'Donnell, Ryan E.; Wyble, Brad – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
Working memory allows us to hold specific pieces of information in an active and easily retrieved state, but what happens to that information during an unexpected interruption between study and test? To answer this question, we used a surprise trial paradigm in which an unexpected event precedes a probe of the observer's memory for a search…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Comparative Analysis, Alphabets, Reading Processes
Lin, Yi; Ding, Hongwei; Zhang, Yang – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2021
Purpose: This study aimed to examine the Stroop effects of verbal and nonverbal cues and their relative impacts on gender differences in unisensory and multisensory emotion perception. Method: Experiment 1 investigated how well 88 normal Chinese adults (43 women and 45 men) could identify emotions conveyed through face, prosody and semantics as…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Interference (Learning), Color, Visual Stimuli
Peters, Benjamin; Rahm, Benjamin; Czoschke, Stefan; Barnes, Catherine; Kaiser, Jochen; Bledowski, Christoph – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Working memory (WM) enables a rapid access to a limited number of items that are no longer physically present. WM studies usually involve the encoding and retention of multiple items, while probing a single item only. Hence, little is known about how well multiple items can be reported from WM. Here we asked participants to successively report…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Visual Perception, Recall (Psychology), Cues
Morey, Candice C.; Miron, Monica D. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
Among models of working memory, there is not yet a consensus about how to describe functions specific to storing verbal or visual-spatial memories. We presented aural-verbal and visual-spatial lists simultaneously and sometimes cued one type of information after presentation, comparing accuracy in conditions with and without informative…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Retention (Psychology), Interference (Learning), Spatial Ability
Annis, Jeffrey; Malmberg, Kenneth J.; Criss, Amy H.; Shiffrin, Richard M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2013
Recognition memory accuracy is harmed by prior testing (a.k.a., output interference [OI]; Tulving & Arbuckle, 1966). In several experiments, we interpolated various tasks between recognition test trials. The stimuli and the tasks were more similar (lexical decision [LD] of words and nonwords) or less similar (gender identification of male and…
Descriptors: Recognition (Psychology), Memory, Accuracy, Interference (Learning)
