This report investigates the link between different 5 percentage point bandings of attendance and attainment for pupils at the end of Key Stage 2 (KS2) and Key Stage 4 (KS4) in state-funded mainstream schools in 2022/23. Absence from school is not the only factor that is likely to affect a pupil's level of attainment. There are a range of pupil, school, parental and societal characteristics that are likely to affect attainment in varying degrees. The pupil absence and attainment data used in this release have been created by matching absence data, as collected via school census, to KS2 and KS4 attainment results collected from awarding bodies. Absence data is then matched into the National Pupil Database (NPD)--a longitudinal database which holds a wide range of pupil level data for schools across England. To better understand the link between absence and attainment, a regression model was developed to take confounding factors into account, such as prior attainment and different pupil characteristics. The key findings in this report show a positive correlation between increased attendance and attainment. By controlling for other factors which may affect a pupil's attainment, including prior attainment, eligibility for Free School Meals (FSM), Special Educational Needs (SEN) status, sex, month of birth, first language, and IDACI score of home postcode, the relationship between attendance during the year of assessment and the likelihood of reaching the expected outcome for the stage was found.