Reviews the evidence for the construct validity of the Work and Family Orientation questionnaire. Evidence presented includes factor analysis of the WOFO subscale dimensions, subscale reliabilities, and an analysis of the effect of gender and masculinity-femininity on achievement motives. (Author/BL)

Subjects (N=64) were given 20 minutes to work on a high-achievement-arousal or no-achievement-arousal task while faced with an opportunity to help a graduate student. Males proved significantly more likely to help in the no-achievement-arousal condition than in the high-arousal condition, whereas females' helping was not affected by…

Assigned 139 Brazilian women to neutral, affiliation arousal, and achievement arousal conditions based on their levels of achievement (Ach) and affiliative (Aff) needs. Results of story analyses revealed that achievement arousal increased scores of high Ach subjects and that high Aff subjects obtained higher scores than low Aff subjects. (BL)

Assessed needs for achievement (nAch), affiliation (nAff), and power (nPwr) among working managers (62 males, 62 females). Results indicate that women managers have a higher nAch, a not significantly different nAff, and a higher nPwr than managerial men. (Author/BL)

This paper, presented at the American Educational Research Association, Washington, D.C., April 1975, reports taxonomy of six achievement motivation types, with categories based on an interaction between two factors. The hypothesis is proposed that females have been taught to emphasize achievement strivings and males the impact of achievement…

The literature on motivational and cognitive factors related to the achievement orientation of black women is reviewed. Achievement motivation and fear of success are discussed, and the inconclusiveness of the findings for black women is noted. Limited data concerning black women's expectations for and causal attributions about achievement…

Biographical interviews elicited information concerning personality characteristics that predispose women toward achievement-striving behavior, taking into account the effects of family, friends, and role models. The majority of women reported not fearing success, but most wondered if their achievements were worth it and at what cost. (Author/ABB)

Examined environmental and psychological predictors of career and achievement motivation in 162 married female reentry college students. Findings suggested that feminine sex-typed women may be highly achieving given adequate support, while androgynous women may succeed in a different environment. Fear of success was highest in highly motivated…

Investigated the influences of gender and individual differences in psychological masculinity and femininity on the achievement and interpersonal strivings, abilities, and self-concepts of 176 college students. Results indicated that psychological masculinity and femininity are better predictors of strivings and self-concepts in the achievement…

Examined predicted sex differences in occupational achievement motivation. Significant sex by occupation stereotype interactions were found supporting the prediction of highest achievement motivation toward sex appropriate occupations. Females did not show significantly lower motivation toward high prestige masculine occupations--inconsistent with…

Examined the effects of sex-typing on self-esteem, achievement orientation, and attitudes toward women in Fiji. Sex-typing effects were strong on all variables, with Androgynous and Masculine students scoring highest on Self-esteem, Mastery, Work Orientation and Competitiveness; and with Undifferentiated students scoring lowest. Confirmed the…

Marriage, achievement need, children and self-definition predicted negative career persistence and career activity patterns in some family situations. Self-definition was associated with professional career activity among unconstrained women, but with freelance activity among married mothers. Personality variables may predict behavior within broad…

This article presented at the American Educational Research Association, Washington, D.C., April 1975, is a critical review of studies concerning the relationship of parental warmth and hostility to sex-related differences in children's achievement orientation. Parental warmth seemed to operate differently upon girls' and boys' achievement…

In six articles presents research reflective of the diversity and commonalities of the Black female experience. Deals with educational, career, and psychological issues surrounding Black adolescents, working and professional women, college students, and employed mothers. Discusses militancy, fear of success, coping, nontraditional careers, and…