This study examined how preservice teachers (PSTs) develop adaptive competence in teaching peers in an introductory physical education pedagogy course underpinned by a pedagogical cycle designed to promote adaptive teaching competence. Two guiding research questions were: (a) what was the total number of adaptations that PSTs made in their peer…

The views, opinions and experiences of students with special educational needs (SEN) in physical education classes (PE) must be considered when inclusion in PE is understood as subjective experience of sense of belonging. For this, the goal of this qualitative study was to determine the perceptions and experiences of students with SEN and…

The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to examine the effect of an adapted physical education (APE) program on physical fitness of adolescents with intellectual disabilities, and (2) to investigate the associations between the changes of physical fitness tests over the course of a three-year period. A secondary data analysis design was used to…

Whilst attendance at short, day-long courses or workshops features prominently in teachers' continuing professional development (CPD) profiles, research remains equivocal about their lasting impact. The present study addresses questions about the impact of short-course CPD in the context of a national CPD programme aimed at developing teachers'…

This dissertation in practice centers on the problem of practice that students with disabilities are systematically excluded from mainstream health and physical education classes to the detriment of their health and well-being. This dissertation improvement project tests the effects of Partners in PE (PPE) by utilizing a 3-session peer-to-peer…

This quasi-experimental study analyses the effects of an awareness intervention programme with five different branches designed to improve the attitudes of physical education (PE) students towards the inclusion of classmates with disabilities. The contact (yes/no) and its frequency (×1 vs. ×3) with para-athletes, the duration of the programme (1…

Physical education college preparation programs continue to require only one adapted physical education (APE) course. Due to the importance of the one APE course often provided to preservice physical education, this study investigated the status of introductory APE courses across the United States. A content analysis of the course descriptions and…

Globally, integrated school placements as well as inclusion as an education philosophy have emerged as influential trends in education over the past 30 years. Although used interchangeably at times, inclusion and integration are distinct. Confusion about inclusion and integration can lead to mixed messages, which oftentimes affect the education of…

Adventure education (AE) is a student-centered curricular model built upon acceptance where various types of learners can experience challenge, success, emotional growth, and peer interaction. Most studies focus exclusively on the perspectives of the instructors, whereas this study includes parental perspectives of children with disabilities and…

"Steps to Inclusion" is a teacher-training resource specifically designed to facilitate inclusive physical education. Teacher-training resources, such as "Steps to Inclusion," can only be effective when systematic and effective adoption is achieved. The diffusion of innovations theory (DOI) provides a useful framework to…

Within adapted physical education (APE), there is a lack of knowledge regarding content and attitudes toward curricular domains, which can influence student learning. This study assessed APE teachers' attitudes toward four curricular domains. Participants (n = 219) completed a modified version of the Attitudes Toward Curriculum in Physical…

Goalball, a sport designed for those with visual impairments, is a competitive and recreational sport enjoyed by athletes around the world. Students with and without visual impairments can experience positive outcomes when teachers appropriately include a goalball unit as part of their inclusive secondary physical education curriculum. This…

Physical Education teachers (PET) self-efficacy (SE) is a cornerstone for a successful inclusion of students with special educational needs. This study aims to evaluate the effect of a training program called "Incluye-T" on the SE of Spanish in-service PETs (n = 229) toward the inclusion of students with special education needs in…

This article, by Anthony Maher of the University of Central Lancashire, explores, from the perspective of SENCos and learning support assistants (LSAs) in north-west England, the perceived adequacy of Statements of special educational needs as they relate to physical education (PE). The findings, generated via online surveys, suggest that most…

This study examines the teaching behavior of physical education (PE) teachers in teaching students with special needs and the factors that determine their teaching behaviour. An extended theory of planned behaviour (TPB) was utilised as the theoretical framework. Three secondary and two high school PE teachers participated in the study. Data…