Adaptive models of word production hold that lexical processing is shaped by recent production episodes. In particular, the models proposed by Howard et al. (2006) and Oppenheim et al. (2010) assume that the connection strength between semantic and lexical representations is updated continuously, on each use of a word. These changes make…

Although one of the challenges in college remedial mathematics courses involves dealing with negative emotions adversely impacting student achievement, little empirical research has been conducted to examine the factors contributing to the formation of such emotions in these settings. The purpose of this study was to examine whether background…

This paper contributes to understanding opportunities to use social media to identify the priorities and challenges of students from different countries in digital and face-to-face learning and networking during the COVID-19 pandemic and in the new reality after this crisis. The COVID-19 crisis resulted in intensive new e-learning and hybrid…

Many examinations with thousands of participating students are organized worldwide every year. Usually, this large number of students sit the exams simultaneously and answer almost the same set of questions. This method of learning assessment requires tremendous effort and resources to prepare the venues, print question books and organize the…

Local item dependence (LID) refers to the situation where responses to items in a test or questionnaire are influenced by responses to other items in the test. This could be due to shared prompts, item content similarity, and deficiencies in item construction. LID due to a shared prompt is highly probable in cloze tests where items are nested…

Between 2018-2021, eight European medical schools took part in a study to develop a medical knowledge Online Adaptive International Progress Test. Here we discuss participants' self-perception to evaluate the acceptability of adaptive vs non-adaptive testing. Study participants, students from across Europe at all stages of undergraduate medical…

The article highlights the growing significance of flexible assessment in higher education as institutions adapt to the increasingly diverse needs of their student populations. The demand for customizable educational experiences, heightened by the COVID-19 pandemic, has made flexibility in assessment essential for sustaining and improving student…

Retrieval practice promotes retention more than restudying (i.e., the "testing effect") and is applied to many educational settings. However, little research has investigated means to enhance this effect in educational settings. Theoretical accounts assume retrieval practice to be the most effective whenever retrieval is difficult but…

In the last decades, the development of computerized adaptive testing (CAT) has allowed more precise measurements with a smaller number of items. In this study, we develop an item bank (IB) to generate the adaptive algorithm and simulate the functioning of CAT to assess the domains of mathematical knowledge in Argentinian university students…

This research presents a novel reading fluency (rf) measurement formula that accounts for both reading rate and comprehension. Possible formulas were investigated with 68 participants in a strategic reading course in an IEP at a small Pacific Island university. The selected formula's scores demonstrated concurrent validity through strong…

Purpose: There is an increase globally of students using technology to support their learning. The purpose of this paper is to outline the technical aspects of adaptive learning and contribute to the development of pedagogy that incorporates this method in teaching and learning. Design/methodology/approach: This is a technical review article that…

This paper presents improvements made to a computerized adaptive testing (CAT)-based version of the FCI (FCI-CAT) in regards to test security and test efficiency. First, we will discuss measures to enhance test security by controlling for item overexposure, decreasing the risk that respondents may (i) memorize the content of a pretest for use on…

Trust-based e-assessment systems are increasingly important in the digital age for both academic institutions and students, including students with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND). Recent literature indicates a growing number of studies about e-authentication and authorship verification for quality assurance with more flexible…

The adoption of computerised adaptive testing (CAT) instead of classical testing (FIT) raises questions from both teachers' and students' perspectives. The scientific literature shows that teachers using CAT instead of FIT should experience shorter times to complete the assessment and obtain more precise evaluations. As for the students, adaptive…

The computer based tests are capable of putting together a lot of interactions and fascinating question types, such as simulations, online tests, and measurement of skills, rather than simply assessing by paper-pencil tests. The computerized test result has greater standardization of test administration. The aim of this study is to seek out the…