This study was concerned with the verification of a learning hierarchy for the mathematical task of adding fractions, when group learning procedures involving teacher-student interaction were used. Through a task analysis procedure a hierarchy of 13 subordinate skills was hypothesized, behavioral objectives were specified, and a curriculum…

This study was designed to replicate and extend the work of Steffe on the effect of using different set names as variables in addition problem statements. The behavior of both first- and second-grade students was studied and the usefulness of visual aids in solving addition problems was also investigated. One-hundred twenty first- and second-grade…

This study investigated the effects of the nature of the algorithm, reinforcement, and level of problem difficulty on the ability of fourth graders to solve addition problems as measured by the number of problems correctly solved and the number of columns attempted. Subjects were selected for high scores on a test of basic addition facts; only…