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Engle, Carol D.; Lerch, Harold H. – School Science and Mathematics, 1971
Describes a study which compares the abilities of 130 first graders in responding correctly to open (Computational) addition exercises to their abilities in responding to equivalent problems stated in the closed form. No statistical difference between levels of correct responses to opened or closed exercises was indicated. (PR)
Descriptors: Addition, Arithmetic, Elementary School Mathematics, Evaluation