Five external markers of adulthood, self-perceived adulthood at age 27, and identity achievement at ages 27, 36, and 42 were explored for 95 women and 94 men in a cohort of Finns born in 1959. Earlier transition to adulthood in family life (moving from the parental home, entering marriage or cohabitation, having a child) anticipated higher…

Includes "The Paradox of Productive Aging" (Sicker); "Beyond Productive Aging" (Riley, Riley); "Changing Concepts; Visionary or Short-Sighted" (Holstein); "Making Aging Meaningful" (Glanz, Neikrug); and "Perspectives on Productive Aging from Austria, Bolivia, Denmark, Finland, Japan, Venezuela."…

With the concept of lifelong education as the leading principle in planning and developing educational systems, the author outlines the four areas of adult education in Finland (supplementing general basic education, adult vocational education, developing citizenship, and individual self-development) and the demands placed on the educational…

The article describes stages in the development of the municipally owned "workers' institutes" to provide education for adults in Finland and the now more common "civic institutes" with public or private sponsorship. Included are administrative structure, financing, staff, students, facilities, teaching arrangements, subjects…

Today's youth are entering adult and vocational education with learning self-images that have been damaged, rather than strengthened, by school and early career experiences. Adult educators should devote more attention to the analysis of the life-courses of different deprived groups of individuals. Changes in the conditions of life-courses in…

A total of 371 adults between 19 and 64 years of age wrote down their goals, concerns, and notions of when their goals would be realized. Goals and concerns reflected the developmental tasks of the adult's particular age. (LB)