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Moriai-Izawa, Ayano; Dan, Haruka; Dan, Ippeita; Sano, Toshifumi; Oguro, Keiji; Yokota, Hidenori; Tsuzuki, Daisuke; Watanabe, Eiju – Brain and Language, 2012
Confrontation naming tasks assess cognitive processes involved in the main stage of word production. However, in fMRI, the occurrence of movement artifacts necessitates the use of covert paradigms, which has limited clinical applications. Thus, we explored the feasibility of adopting multichannel functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to…
Descriptors: Naming, Language Processing, Spectroscopy, Adults
Tesan, Graciela; Johnson, Blake W.; Crain, Stephen – Brain and Language, 2012
The word "any" may appear in some sentences, but not in others. For example, "any" is permitted in sentences that contain the word "nobody", as in "Nobody ate any fruit". However, in a minimally different context "any" seems strikingly anomalous: *"Everybody ate any fruit". The aim of the present study was to investigate how the brain responds to…
Descriptors: Sentences, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Anatomy, Language Usage
Megnin-Viggars, Odette; Goswami, Usha – Brain and Language, 2013
Visual speech inputs can enhance auditory speech information, particularly in noisy or degraded conditions. The natural statistics of audiovisual speech highlight the temporal correspondence between visual and auditory prosody, with lip, jaw, cheek and head movements conveying information about the speech envelope. Low-frequency spatial and…
Descriptors: Phonology, Cues, Visual Perception, Speech
Olulade, Olumide A.; Flowers, D. Lynn; Napoliello, Eileen M.; Eden, Guinevere F. – Brain and Language, 2013
The visual word form system (VWFS), located in the occipito-temporal cortex, is involved in orthographic processing of visually presented words (Cohen et al., 2002). Recent fMRI studies in children and adults have demonstrated a gradient of increasing word-selectivity along the posterior-to-anterior axis of this system (Vinckier et al., 2007), yet…
Descriptors: Children, Adults, Word Recognition, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Cho, Yong Won; Song, Hui-Jin; Lee, Jae Jun; Lee, Joo Hwa; Lee, Hui Joong; Yi, Sang Doe; Chang, Hyuk Won; Berl, Madison M.; Gaillard, William D.; Chang, Yongmin – Brain and Language, 2012
Older adults perform much like younger adults on language. This similar level of performance, however, may come about through different underlying brain processes. In the present study, we evaluated age-related differences in the brain areas outside the typical language areas among adults using a category decision task. Our results showed that…
Descriptors: Semantics, Age Differences, Language Processing, Decision Making
Van Ettinger-Veenstra, Helene; Ragnehed, Mattias; McAllister, Anita; Lundberg, Peter; Engstrom, Maria – Brain and Language, 2012
In this study we investigated the correlation between individual linguistic ability based on performance levels and their engagement of typical and atypical language areas in the brain. Eighteen healthy subjects between 21 and 64 years participated in language ability tests, and subsequent functional MRI scans measuring brain activity in response…
Descriptors: Language Tests, Correlation, Language Aptitude, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Quaresima, Valentina; Bisconti, Silvia; Ferrari, Marco – Brain and Language, 2012
Upon stimulation, real time maps of cortical hemodynamic responses can be obtained by non-invasive functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) which measures changes in oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin after positioning multiple sources and detectors over the human scalp. The current commercially available transportable fNIRS systems have…
Descriptors: Spectroscopy, Neonates, Language Processing, Adults
Ingham, Roger J.; Grafton, Scott T.; Bothe, Anne K.; Ingham, Janis C. – Brain and Language, 2012
Many differences in brain activity have been reported between persons who stutter (PWS) and typically fluent controls during oral reading tasks. An earlier meta-analysis of imaging studies identified stutter-related regions, but recent studies report less agreement with those regions. A PET study on adult dextral PWS (n = 18) and matched fluent…
Descriptors: Speech Communication, Oral Reading, Stuttering, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Wu, Ying Choon; Coulson, Seana – Brain and Language, 2011
Conversation is multi-modal, involving both talk and gesture. Does understanding depictive gestures engage processes similar to those recruited in the comprehension of drawings or photographs? Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded from neurotypical adults as they viewed spontaneously produced depictive gestures preceded by congruent…
Descriptors: Video Technology, Speech, Cognitive Processes, Nonverbal Communication
Korinth, Sebastian Peter; Sommer, Werner; Breznitz, Zvia – Brain and Language, 2012
Little is known about the relationship of reading speed and early visual processes in normal readers. Here we examined the association of the early P1, N170 and late N1 component in visual event-related potentials (ERPs) with silent reading speed and a number of additional cognitive skills in a sample of 52 adult German readers utilizing a Lexical…
Descriptors: Reading Processes, Visual Stimuli, Silent Reading, Reading Rate
Knuepffer, C.; Murdoch, B. E.; Lloyd, D.; Lewis, F. M.; Hinchliffe, F. J. – Brain and Language, 2012
The immediate and long-term neural correlates of linguistic processing deficits reported following paediatric and adolescent traumatic brain injury (TBI) are poorly understood. Therefore, the current research investigated event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited during a semantic picture-word priming experiment in two groups of highly functioning…
Descriptors: Priming, Control Groups, Semantics, Linguistics
Chen, Zhaocong; Liu, Peng; Wang, Emily Q.; Larson, Charles R.; Huang, Dongfeng; Liu, Hanjun – Brain and Language, 2012
The present study investigated whether the neural correlates for auditory feedback control of vocal pitch can be shaped by tone language experience. Event-related potentials (P2/N1) were recorded from adult native speakers of Mandarin and Cantonese who heard their voice auditory feedback shifted in pitch by -50, -100, -200, or -500 cents when they…
Descriptors: Diagnostic Tests, Tone Languages, Adults, Vowels
Cloutman, Lauren L.; Newhart, Melisssa; Davis, Cameron L.; Heidler-Gary, Jennifer; Hillis, Argye E. – Brain and Language, 2011
Oral reading is a complex skill involving the interaction of orthographic, phonological, and semantic processes. Functional imaging studies with nonimpaired adult readers have identified a widely distributed network of frontal, inferior parietal, posterior temporal, and occipital brain regions involved in the task. However, while functional…
Descriptors: Reading Difficulties, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Oral Reading, Semantics
Welcome, Suzanne E.; Joanisse, Marc F. – Brain and Language, 2012
We used fMRI to examine patterns of brain activity associated with component processes of visual word recognition and their relationships to individual differences in reading skill. We manipulated both the judgments adults made on written stimuli and the characteristics of the stimuli. Phonological processing led to activation in left inferior…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Visual Stimuli, Semantics, Sight Vocabulary
Park, Haeil; Iverson, Gregory K.; Park, Hae-Jeong – Brain and Language, 2011
We investigated how articulatory complexity at the phoneme level is manifested neurobiologically in an overt production task. fMRI images were acquired from young Korean-speaking adults as they pronounced bisyllabic pseudowords in which we manipulated phonological complexity defined in terms of vowel duration and instability (viz., COMPLEX:…
Descriptors: Vowels, Phonemics, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Cognitive Processes