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Heyselaar, Evelien; Wheeldon, Linda; Segaert, Katrien – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
Structural priming is the tendency to repeat syntactic structure across sentences and can be divided into short-term (prime to immediately following target) and long-term (across an experimental session) components. This study investigates how nondeclarative memory could support both the transient, short-term and the persistent, long-term…
Descriptors: Priming, Memory, Short Term Memory, Perception
Street, James A.; Dabrowska, Ewa – Applied Psycholinguistics, 2014
This article provides experimental evidence for the role of lexically specific representations in the processing of passive sentences and considerable education-related differences in comprehension of the passive construction. The experiment measured response time and decision accuracy of participants with high and low academic attainment using an…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Form Classes (Languages), Adults, Psycholinguistics
Groen, Margriet A.; Whitehouse, Andrew J. O.; Badcock, Nicholas A.; Bishop, Dorothy V. M. – Neuropsychologia, 2011
In the majority of people, functional differences are observed between the two cerebral hemispheres: language production is typically subserved by the left hemisphere and visuospatial skills by the right hemisphere. The development of this division of labour is not well understood and lateralisation of visuospatial function has received little…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Spatial Ability, Memory, Children
Ratcliff, Roger; Thapar, Anjali; McKoon, Gail – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2011
The effects of aging and IQ on performance were examined in 4 memory tasks: item recognition, associative recognition, cued recall, and free recall. For item and associative recognition, accuracy and the response time (RT) distributions for correct and error responses were explained by Ratcliff's (1978) diffusion model at the level of individual…
Descriptors: Intelligence Quotient, Aging (Individuals), Context Effect, Reaction Time
Fraser, Sarah; Gagne, Jean-Pierre; Alepins, Majolaine; Dubois, Pascale – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2010
Purpose: Using a dual-task paradigm, 2 experiments (Experiments 1 and 2) were conducted to assess differences in the amount of listening effort expended to understand speech in noise in audiovisual (AV) and audio-only (A-only) modalities. Experiment 1 had equivalent noise levels in both modalities, and Experiment 2 equated speech recognition…
Descriptors: Cues, Reaction Time, Models, Word Recognition
Barutchu, Ayla; Crewther, David P.; Crewther, Sheila G. – Developmental Science, 2009
Rationale: The facilitating effect of multisensory integration on motor responses in adults is much larger than predicted by race-models and is in accordance with the idea of coactivation. However, the development of multisensory facilitation of endogenously driven motor processes and its relationship to the development of complex cognitive skills…
Descriptors: Motor Reactions, Intelligence Quotient, Multisensory Learning, Children
Suied, Clara; Susini, Patrick; McAdams, Stephen – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 2008
It is well-established that subjective judgments of perceived urgency of alarm sounds can be affected by acoustic parameters. In this study, the authors investigated an objective measurement, the reaction time (RT), to test the effectiveness of temporal parameters of sounds in the context of warning sounds. Three experiments were performed using a…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Models, Auditory Stimuli, Experiments
Vallesi, Antonino; Shallice, Tim – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2007
In a variable foreperiod (FP) paradigm, reaction times (RTs) decrease as a function of FP on trial n (FP effect) but increase with FP on trial n = 1 (sequential effects). These phenomena have traditionally been ascribed to different strategic preparation processes. According to an alternative explanation, common conditioning laws underlie both…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Models, Reaction Time, Experiments
Campbell, Jamie I. D.; Robert, Nicole D. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2008
A variety of experimental evidence indicates that the memory representation for multiplication facts (e.g., 6 [times] 9 = 54) incorporates bidirectional links with a forward association from factors to product and a reverse association from product to factors. Surprisingly, the authors did not find evidence in Experiment 1 of facilitative…
Descriptors: Memory, Multiplication, Experiments, Arithmetic
Fiorentino, Robert; Poeppel, David – Language and Cognitive Processes, 2007
The structure of lexical entries and the status of lexical decomposition remain controversial. In the psycholinguistic literature, one aspect of this debate concerns the psychological reality of the morphological complexity difference between compound words ("teacup") and single words ("crescent"). The present study investigates morphological…
Descriptors: Morphology (Languages), Dictionaries, Decision Making, Language Processing

Groen, Guy J.; Parkman, John M. – Psychological Review, 1972
A number of models are considered that specify how children and adults solve single-digit addition problems. (Authors)
Descriptors: Addition, Adults, Children, Cognitive Processes

Miller, Linda T.; Vernon, Philip A. – Intelligence, 1996
Whether results previously found in adults, demonstrating a relationship between intellectual ability, speed of information processing, and memory capacity could be found in young children was studied with 109 children. Findings suggest that children's intelligence cannot be explained using a model of adult intelligence. (SLD)
Descriptors: Adults, Child Development, Intelligence, Intelligence Tests
Adler, Scott A.; Orprecio, Jazmine – Developmental Science, 2006
Visual search studies with adults have shown that stimuli that contain a unique perceptual feature pop out from dissimilar distractors and are unaffected by the number of distractors. Studies with very young infants have suggested that they too might exhibit pop-out. However, infant studies have used paradigms in which pop-out is measured in…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Attention Control, Attention, Infants

Barrett, P.; And Others – Intelligence, 1986
Two samples of adult subjects of reasonably average intelligence were given IQ tests and a series of reaction time tests using 0, 1, 2, and 3 lists of information in a Hick paradigm. (Author/LMO)
Descriptors: Adults, Analysis of Variance, Correlation, Intelligence Quotient

Miller, Linda T.; Vernon, Philip A. – Developmental Psychology, 1997
Used computer-administered tests to measure the reaction time to nonverbal stimuli of 4- through 6-year-olds and adults. Found age-related increases in processing speed that could not be attributed to increased accuracy and error rate monitoring. Used these results to evaluate R. Kail's (1991) model of processing speed, which adequately accounted…
Descriptors: Adults, Age Differences, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes
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