Behavioral tracking observations of 14 adult male residents in a school for the mentally retarded were made in an enriched and deprived setting on the ward. (Author)

The duration of utterance, latency, and interruption speech behavior of 30 young job applicants was studied under three speaking conditions. In the third condition, the employment interview, a number of positive correlations emerged. Verbal IQ is positively correlated with a speaker's mean duration of utterance, especially when he is discussing…

Clinical judgement involves a search for internal consistency which can be validated by predicting responses within a protocol, or internally. Internal predictive validity assumes that one source of consistency is the individual--an assumption that was tested in a prediction task using the sentence completion test (SCT). Artificial protocols…

Previous research indicates that social beliefs can act in a self-fulfilling manner, affecting responses to individuals and thereby constraining these individuals to behave in ways that spuriously confirm attitudes about them. The possible role of self-perception, i.e., whether targets of such self-fulfilling prophecies not only alter their…

This report is a synopsis of the findings of a nine-month research study into the beliefs, attitudes, and behavior of both adults and high school youth involved in the use of alcoholic beverages and driving. A questionnaire was administered to a nationally projectable samply of 1,660 adults between the ages of 18 and 55 and to a representative…

Observational data and survey information were collected on student behavior problems and discipline policies in a large suburban high school. Analysis of the data indicated that many of the concerns of teachers and administrators centered more around adult behavior than student behavior. (Author)

The physical and interpersonal contexts within which rapes occur were investigated. The physical context, defined in terms of observers' perceptions of the likelihood of rapes occurring in a particular setting, produce variations in the degree of responsibility assigned to the victim. Women raped in high probability of rape settings were held as…

The effects of physical attractiveness, warmth, and sex of an adult model on imitation behavior of adult males and females were investigated. Subjects were randomly paired with confederates of low or high facial attractiveness who interacted with the subject in a cold-unfriendly or warm-friendly manner. The imitation task involved the confederate…

The age-status system in adulthood was investigated, using a 58-item instrument which divided adulthood subjectively into three periods: normative expectations for various adulthood developmental tasks (marriage, parenthood, employment, retirement, etc.); the lower age constraints ("too young") for these behaviors. In addition, 22 items regarding…

High social anxiety subjects switched from assuming greater personal responsibility for success than for failure to assuming greater responsibility for failure than for success when told that their attributions would be scrutinized by others. Low social anxiety individuals did just the opposite. Additional studies of response among high and low…

Based on previous research on cohabitation and Levinger's model of marital cohesiveness and dissolution, the hypothesis that a higher level of violence exists in ongoing marriages than in ongoing cohabitating relationships was investigated. Data from a national sample of 2,143 adults did not support this hypothesis. Instead the reverse was found,…

The National Crime Survey measured the occurrence of an estimated 3.8 million violent crimes among intimates, i.e., acquaintances or relatives, during 1973 to 1976, in which three-tenths of the crimes involved persons married or otherwise related to each other. The data collection focused on identification of crime location, time of day or night,…

Identification of age differences as a major characteristic of satisfying heterosexual love relationships was investigated. Married couples (N=102), divided equally into three groups, i.e., young, middle-aged, and older adults, completed a 108-item instrument, rating each statement in terms of how well it described their current love relationship.…