Finds that 39 teenagers participating in Project USE, an adventure education program, showed significant increases in 7 of 12 self-actualization factors and in self-perception of personal change. Discusses the goals and basic format of Outward Bound training conducted by Project USE. Contains 26 references. (SV)

Describes nature of adventure in spiritual, emotional, and intellectual terms. Examines roles of risk, pain, failure, success, and public recognition in adventure. Emphasizes rewards of excitement, fun, exhilaration, and self-discovery accompanying adventure. Uses numerous quotes about adventure from authors and literary figures. (TES)

Outlines the theory and practice of debriefing and considers its importance in experiential learning and outdoor adventure education. Discusses theories of transfer of learning; levels of cognitive processing in relation to sequence of debriefing questions and activities; establishing supportive group behaviors; 10 soft skills needed by debriefing…

Outlines a conceptual framework for understanding individual development related to intercultural competence and prejudice reduction. Presents a model of identity formation encompassing physical, academic, social, and cultural/spiritual self. Suggests that dialog and reflection, two essential components of intrapersonal and interpersonal…

Describes history and benefits of outdoor education, focusing on Northern Illinois University's Outdoor Teacher Education Program, on the Loredo Taft Field Campus. Examines opportunities and importance of outdoor education, especially for elementary students. Notes opportunities for postgraduate outdoor education field studies and adventure…

Summarizes the history of the outdoor education movement from the idea stage of school camping (1930-1939) to the present stage of diversity and growing opportunities for resident outdoor programs and programs for special populations. Analyzes research literature, noting thematic trends and quantitative studies of numbers of participants and…

Inspired by John Naisbitt's "Megatrends," the article identifies the past, present, and future directions of outdoor education. The article notes the implications of these directions for outdoor education programing and forecasts changes in outdoor education. (SB)

Analyzes characteristics of outdoor leaders. Lists outdoor program types. Suggests course content, areas of competency, and 38 personal leadership traits for prospective leaders. Describes human resources, natural resources, and cultural awareness as parts of the "holistic domain" of the outdoor leader. Intended for training purposes. Includes…