Explored sex differences by administering several affective scales to 455 undergraduate students. Significant sex differences were found on only two of nine affective scales, and substantive significance of these differences seemed minimal. Concluded that promotion of faulty stereotypical beliefs should be abandoned in favor of increasingly…

Responds to Heesacker and Prichard's (1992) article on male emotional expressivity. Challenges use of theories of Bly. Questions their assertion that our culture offers men no powerful images of maleness and assumption that modern society centers on women's affective style. Takes issue with their claim that feminist researchers do not view male…

Data indicate that for girls, affective dispositional factors (empathy, depressive affectivity, aggression, and self-concept) are intimately linked to cognitive development and academic achievement. (PCB)

Asserts that males are somewhat inexpressive with their feelings. Notes that male avenues of expressiveness are different from those employed by females and perhaps different from the expectations of therapists. Contends that therapeutic intervention for males will be enhanced by exploration of counseling paradigms which compliment these different…

Presents results of a cross-validational test of previous findings that men and women express depression differently. Reports that when depressed, females are more prone to somatic symptoms, self-deprecating statements, and less selectiveness than males in seeking out others. Qualifies findings, however, by posting a possible gap between reported…

A direct induction of mood was employed to determine the role of affect in self-gratification. (Authors)

Results showed that short-term low-warmth inductions produced more charitability in second and fifth graders than short-term high-warmth inductions and that instructions encouraging charitability produced more generosity than selfish or permissive instructions. In addition, girls were found to be more generous overall than boys. (JMB)

First- and third-graders' emotion dissimulation in a disappointing gift task was compared with their degree of dissimulation in a highly motivating game task that required the same ability but involved a self-gain motive. Although boys reduced their expression of negative affect in the game task, they still showed higher levels of negativity than…

Twelve child confederates (six male and six female) were trained to be responsive or unresponsive to 48 female college students. Adult women attended more to responsive children and gave more help to responsive than to unresponsive girls. The adults also rated the children as more attractive, likeable, and competent when the children behaved…

Ninety 5- and 6-year-old children equally divided by sex were assigned randomly to one of three emotion-inducing conditions (self-focused happy, other-focused happy, or neutral emotion-inducing) and then given varying numbers of rewards. Results are discussed in terms of cognitive processes initiated by emotional states that may influence…

Observed 9- to 14-year-old physically abused and nonabused children engaged in tasks with a close friend. Found that dyads with an abused child displayed less intimacy and more conflict than dyads with nonabused children. Compared to other dyads, those with abused boys displayed more negative affect during games, and those with abused girls…

Identified two subdimensions of an index designed to measure children's perceptions of older adults in responses from 120 Afro-Caribbean children living in a rural Costa Rican community. Findings showed older females were perceived as more authoritative and older males as more affective. Used ethnographic techniques with survey results to…

Third- and fifth-grade students were asked their opinions of a series of stories in which one child (boy or girl) was described as having intentionally harmed another child (boy or girl). The sex composition of the transgressor-victim dyad was found to be a qualifying factor in judgment making. (KH)