Ways in which membership in student organizations, both predominantly Black and mainstream, provide space for Black identity expression and development were explored in this study. Based on individual interviews conducted with African American male student leaders at six predominantly White universities, findings reveal a nexus between Black…

Undergraduates at a historically Black university completed the 1997 N'COBRA Reparations Survey. N'COBRA stands for the National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America. Five domains of reparations are covered: education, economic development, personal reparations (i.e., payments to individuals), political prisoners, and African-U.S.…

As a fraternity member, past chapter president, and former national committee representative, Ricky L. Jones is uniquely qualified to write about the sometimes deadly world of black fraternity hazing. Examining five major black Greek-letter fraternities, Jones maintains that hazing rituals within these fraternities are more deeply ingrained,…

W.E.B. Du Bois spent the vast majority of his 95 years working for the hearts and minds of Americans. Although consumed with equal rights and opportunity for Blacks, his larger vision was of a world in which all persons could progress as far as their unique knowledge, ability and efforts would permit. Intellectual and largely inward directed Du…

For historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs), engagement is not an enhancement of their curriculum but part of their birthright. Founded in the Civil War/Reconstruction era, HBCUs had as their core mission educating freed slaves and other free black people to participate in the economy. Later, during the Jim Crow era, HBCUs educated…

The Educational Directory, 1919-20 is divided into seven distinct parts. Part 7, Miscellaneous Educational Organizations, covers the following categories: (1) Educational boards and foundations; (2) Church educational boards and societies; (3) Superintendents of Catholic parochial schools; (4) Jewish educational organizations; (5) Directors of…

Part 1 of the education directories for 1919 and 1920 includes U.S. Department of Interior government educational activities. The contents include various government departments and independent establishments including the Library of Congress and the Commission of Fine Arts. Part 2 describes public school systems. The contents include principal…