Years ago, a groundbreaking review of student data from the 2013-2014 school year indicated that Black students were overrepresented among those experiencing punishment in a variety of contexts. In the intervening decade, new data has emerged, schools have implemented policies to reduce racial disparities, researchers have highlighted new methods…

This article presents a new approach to understanding higher rates of punitive discipline utilized against Black students and in Black schools by combining the theoretical construct of antiblackness with Robert Emerson's last resort sanctions to create the framework of Antiblackness in Last Resort Sanctions. This article is the first to apply last…

In this essay, we draw on the extant literature to demonstrate the entrenchment of a "reform" paradigm in school discipline policy, research, and practice. We argue that the slow pace of school discipline reform has not served Black children and youth and compels a stronger stance on ending exclusionary discipline once and for all. So…

The journey to finding one's place in academia can be complex, especially for Black students navigating Predominantly White institutions (PWIs). My path through higher education--from feeling invisible in some White spaces to discovering true belonging at a Historically Black College and University (HBCU)--illustrates how educational environments…

In recent years, researchers have shifted from pathologizing Black youths, when investigating the Black-White achievement gap, to focusing on factors contributing to their resilience and success. A critical review was conducted of three widely cited asset-based theoretical frameworks that are used to examine African American students' academic…

The fullness of Black students' experiences in college has yet to be archived. The same can be said of Black people broadly, whose existence has long been reduced by and to what is observable, by systems of power and those at the helm. This is perhaps due to the structural and structural limitations of data collection efforts, or not of interest…

Black counseling students encounter a diverse set of experiences that create dissimilarities in their academic process and perception than their non-Black peers. The purpose of this quantitative analysis study was to determine if there is a predictive relationship between racial discrimination, self-efficacy, and imposter syndrome among Black…

In this study, I explored the experiences of Black counseling students who studied abroad within the last 7 years. Although research has been conducted regarding the experience of undergraduate students who identify as Black, these voices have not been studied or researched in the field of counseling. This study is important because more students…

Career and technical education (CTE) is considered a key academic pathway for sustainable careers in several high-growth industries. However, African-American employees are underrepresented in these industries. Historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) may represent invaluable options to address this inequality. Our analysis of the…

White fragility has created a number of problems and challenges for Black students regarding authenticity and equality in the classroom. Racial discrimination in education and its disparities have come full circle mirroring history with the continued fight for an equitable education as a Black student. Black students continue to be mistreated and…

Deficit narratives about Blackness are embedded in research, discourse, and policies as policymakers and researchers theorize about differences in schooling outcomes between Black students and their peers. We offer a counterstory to prevailing conceptualizations of student absenteeism by arguing that they center racialized and deficit narratives…

Cultivating Black joy is critical, given censorship placed in schools, on Black bodies, and in the curriculum. This article conceptualizes how the dimensions of culturally responsive teaching practices can help reclaim and reconstruct Black students' sense of well-being in the classroom and their sense of Black Joy. Furthermore, this conceptual…

This teaching note reviews a four-part discussion post assignment that asks Black-identified students enrolled in a class connected to a Black living-learning community to make sociological and personal connections to concepts related to race, anti-Blackness, and institutional racism in Yaa Gyasi's novel "Homegoing." Reflecting on their…

Diversity has become an important characteristic of higher education; however, in many higher education institutions, the admission, enrollment, and support of a diverse student population remain a challenge, especially concerning the admission, retention, and graduation of Black males (Lee & Keys, 2013; Lynch, 2014; Nelms, 2010; Palmer et…

The purpose of this phenomenological study is to explore the lived experiences of African American males who graduated from Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs). Within the last 10 years, African American males have experienced systematically devastating results in social, educational, and economic outcomes at a higher rate than…