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David M. Sobel; David G. Kamper; Yuyi Taylor; Joo-Hyun Song – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2025
We investigated the role of distinct inhibitory processes as 4- to 6-year-olds from the Northeastern United States (N = 48, M[subscript age] = 68.27 months, 22 boys, 26 girls; 63% White, 6% Black, 4% Asian, 2% Hispanic, 8% more than one race, with 17% not reporting) and adults evaluated accurate or deceptive information from human or non-human…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Young Children, Adults, Cognitive Processes
Dore, Rebecca A.; Woolley, Jacqueline D.; Hixon, John G. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2019
Children learn about the world through others' testimony, and much of this knowledge likely comes from parents. Furthermore, parents may sometimes want children to share their beliefs about topics on which there is no universal consensus. In discussing such topics, parents may use explicit belief statements (e.g., "Evolution is real") or…
Descriptors: Beliefs, Value Judgment, Young Children, Age Differences
Koenig, Ashley; Arunachalam, Sudha; Saudino, Kimberly J. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2020
Children's lexical processing speed at 18 to 25 months of age has been linked to concurrent and later language abilities. In the current study, we extend this finding to children aged 36 months. Children (N = 126) participated in a lexical processing task in which they viewed two static images on noun trials (e.g., an ear of corn and a hat), or…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Nouns, Verbs, School Readiness
Mazachowsky, Tessa R.; Hamilton, Colin; Mahy, Caitlin E. V. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2021
Remembering to carry out intended actions in the future, known as prospective memory (PM), is an important cognitive ability. In daily life, individuals remember to perform future tasks that might rely on effortful processes (monitoring) but also habitual tasks that might rely on more automatic processes. The development of PM across childhood in…
Descriptors: Memory, Parent Child Relationship, Cognitive Ability, Social Environment
Posid, Tasha; Cordes, Sara – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2015
A crucial component of numerical understanding is one's ability to abstract numerical properties regardless of varying perceptual attributes. Evidence from numerical match-to-sample tasks suggests that children find it difficult to match sets based on number in the face of varying perceptual attributes, yet it is unclear whether these findings are…
Descriptors: Computation, Young Children, Perception, Verbal Communication
Charafeddine, Rawan; Mercier, Hugo; Clément, Fabrice; Kaufmann, Laurence; Berchtold, André; Reboul, Anne; Van der Henst, Jean-Baptiste – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2015
A series of four experiments investigated preschoolers' abilities to make sense of dominance relations. Experiments 1 and 2 showed that as early as 3 years old, preschoolers are able to infer dominance not only from physical supremacy but also from decision power, age, and resources. Experiments 3 and 4 showed that preschoolers have expectations…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Inferences, Power Structure, Age Differences
Jakobsen, Krisztina Varga; Frick, Janet E.; Simpson, Elizabeth A. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2013
Although much research has examined the development of orienting to social directional cues (e.g., eye gaze), little is known about the development of orienting to nonsocial directional cues, such as arrows. Arrow cues have been used in numerous studies as a means to study attentional orienting, but the development of children's understanding of…
Descriptors: Cues, Attention, Orientation, Child Development
Holt, Anna E.; Deák, Gedeon – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2015
In simple rule-switching tests, 3- and 4-year-olds can follow each of two sorting rules but sometimes make perseverative errors when switching. Older children make few errors but respond slowly when switching. These age-related changes might reflect the maturation of executive functions (e.g., inhibition). However, they might also reflect…
Descriptors: Cues, Task Analysis, Executive Function, Control Groups
Childers, Jane B.; Hirshkowitz, Amy; Benavides, Kristin – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2014
Contrast information could be useful for verb learning, but few studies have examined children's ability to use this type of information. Contrast may be useful when children are told explicitly that different verbs apply, or when they hear two different verbs in a single context. Three studies examine children's attention to different types of…
Descriptors: Verbs, Language Acquisition, Control Groups, Cues
Goswick, Anna E.; Mullet, Hillary G.; Marsh, Elizabeth J. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2013
Children's memories improve throughout childhood, and this improvement is often accompanied by a reduction in suggestibility. In this context, it is surprising that older children learn and reproduce more factual errors from stories than do younger children (Fazio & Marsh, 2008). The present study examined whether this developmental…
Descriptors: Multiple Choice Tests, Memory, Childrens Literature, Young Children
D'Entremont, Barbara; Seamans, Elizabeth; Boudreau, Elyse – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2012
Seventy-nine 3- and 4-year-old children were tested on gaze-reporting ability and Wellman and Liu's (2004) continuous measure of theory of mind (ToM). Children were better able to report where someone was looking when eye and head direction were provided as a cue compared with when only eye direction cues were provided. With the exception of…
Descriptors: Children, Eye Movements, Measures (Individuals), Theories
Ludlow, Amanda Katherine; Heaton, Pamela; Deruelle, Christine – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2013
This study aimed to explore the recognition of emotional and non-emotional biological movements in children with severe and profound deafness. Twenty-four deaf children, together with 24 control children matched on mental age and 24 control children matched on chronological age, were asked to identify a person's actions, subjective states,…
Descriptors: Emotional Response, Motion, Deafness, Severe Disabilities
Cordova, Alberto; Gabbard, Carl – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2011
In this study the authors examined children's ability to code visual information into an egocentric frame of reference for planning reach movements. Children and adults estimated reach distance via motor imagery in immediate and response-delay conditions. Actual maximum reach was compared to estimates in multiple locations in peripersonal and…
Descriptors: Cues, Statistical Analysis, Cognitive Processes, Planning
Nilsen, Elizabeth S.; Glenwright, Melanie; Huyder, Vanessa – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2011
Incongruity between a positive statement and a negative context is a cue to verbal irony. Two studies examined whether school-age children and adults recognized that listeners require knowledge of context to detect irony. Specifically, the studies investigated whether participants could inhibit their own context knowledge to appropriately gauge…
Descriptors: Figurative Language, Cues, Verbal Communication, Theory of Mind
Lorsbach, Thomas C.; Reimer, Jason F. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2010
The present study examined whether younger and older children differ in the use of the goal-related information in a continuous performance task (AX-CPT), and if so, whether those age differences are due to the ability to represent and/or maintain goal information. Experiment 1 compared third- and sixth-grade children in their ability to transform…
Descriptors: Cues, Age Differences, Short Term Memory, Grade 6
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