Purpose: Conversation training therapy (CTT) is the 1st voice therapy approach to eliminate the traditional therapeutic hierarchy and use patient-driven conversation as the sole therapeutic stimulus. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the efficacy of CTT compared to standard-of-care voice therapy approaches for the treatment of…

Delayed trajectories into traditional adult roles have led researchers to reconsider the nature of development, giving way to emerging adulthood (Arnett, 2000a). Although largely embraced by many contemporary scholars, questions remain about the universality of emerging adulthood. The current study explored factors that predict the degree to which…

This study examined reasoning about gender roles in a traditional society in Benin, West Africa. Ninety-seven male and female adolescents and adults evaluated conflicts between a husband and a wife over gender norms to determine whether gender norms, are judged to be moral or conventional. Although most attributed decision-making power to the…

Respondents (N=532) over a wide age range rated their own lives and an "average person's life" at each of eight age intervals. Ratings varied significantly by age of target and of respondent and were increasingly differentiated as a function of both the age level being evaluated and the respondent's age. (Author)

The contention that younger veterans differ from their elders in their attitudes and expectations was shown to be an inaccurate generalization on the basis of this reported inquiry. Three general classes of informational data were collected from both younger and older veterans: (1) perception of hospital services; (2) patient problems and services…

Surveyed college students' and both their parents' (282 families), actual attitudes and their perceptions of the other generation's attitudes. Although results confirm that youths perceived less intergenerational continuity in attitudes than their parents, they call into question the connection between psychosocial development status of either…

Letters from 249 children, 7 to 17 years of age, on "Why my Mom is the greatest" were analyzed for age and sex differences in the maternal behaviors selected for positive evaluation. (Author/MP)

In order to determine if there are developmental effects on information integration and dispositional attributions, 145 adolescents at two ages (13 and 18) were presented with information about hypothetical peers. (Author/MP)

The specific causal attributions individuals use in accounting for academic outcomes can influence their subsequent achievement-related behavior. College instructors responded to the hypothetical success and failures of older and younger students by attributing these to ability, effort, luck, and task difficulty. Results indicated a negative…

Examined conceptions of femininity and masculinity in women who were college freshmen, in their midtwenties, midthirties, and midforties. Results indicated older women emphasized the biological element of their role, and rejected the relationship between gender and personality. Younger women emphasized physical characteristics and were more likley…

Studied white and blue-collar men and women using a questionnaire seeking designation of the most suitable ages for various role transitions and age-related attributes. Comparisons with 1950s findings indicated loosening of the norms, but with continuing adherence to a prescriptive timetable and with persistent socioeconomic differences. Results…

Vignettes depicting the physical mistreatment, psychological mistreatment, and neglect of children were used to examine perception and reportage of child abuse with 160 jurors and 176 child protective service/police personnel. Jurors born before 1945 were less critical of mistreatment than those born later, and female jurors pledged to report…

An exploratory study focused on how, when, and under what conditions clients with long term illness and their families view the Public Health Nurse Home Visit Service (PHNHVS) as assisting them in family health care. Data were obtained from home interviews and nurse records of 68 families served by 13 nurses in one San Francisco Bay Area locality.…

This study examined the performance of Black grandparents, the contributions they make to their families, and the obstacles that limit their success as grandparents. It also sought to identify the content of suitable curriculum for grandparents and recommend guidelines for the establishment of grandparent education programs. A sample of 626…