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Do Preschoolers Save to Benefit Their Future Selves?
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Metcalf, Jennifer L.; Atance, Cristina M. – Cognitive Development, 2011
Using a new paradigm for measuring children's saving behaviors involving two marble games differing in desirability, we assessed whether 3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds saved marbles for future use, saved increasingly on a second trial, saved increasingly with age, and were sensitive to the relative value of future rewards. We also assessed whether…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Models, Rewards, Cognitive Development
Children's Interpretive Understanding, Moral Judgments, and Emotion Attributions: Relations to Social Behaviour
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Malti, Tina; Gasser, Luciano; Gutzwiller-Helfenfinger, Eveline – British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2010
The study investigated interpretive understanding, moral judgments, and emotion attributions in relation to social behaviour in a sample of 59 5-year-old, 123 7-year-old, and 130 9-year-old children. Interpretive understanding was assessed by two tasks measuring children's understanding of ambiguous situations. Moral judgments and emotion…
Descriptors: Social Cognition, Foreign Countries, Task Analysis, Age Differences
Investigating the "Latent" Deficit Hypothesis: Age at Time of Head Injury, Implicit and Executive Functions and Behavioral Insight
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Barker, L. A.; Andrade, J.; Morton, N.; Romanowski, C. A. J.; Bowles, D. P. – Neuropsychologia, 2010
This study investigated the "latent deficit" hypothesis in two groups of head-injured patients with predominantly frontal lesions, those injured prior to steep morphological and corresponding functional maturational periods for frontal networks (less than or equal to age 25), and those injured greater than 28 years. The latent deficit hypothesis…
Descriptors: Developmental Stages, Head Injuries, Pathology, Patients
Age Differences in Affective Decision Making as Indexed by Performance on the Iowa Gambling Task
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Cauffman, Elizabeth; Shulman, Elizabeth P.; Steinberg, Laurence; Claus, Eric; Banich, Marie T.; Graham, Sandra; Woolard, Jennifer – Developmental Psychology, 2010
Contemporary perspectives on age differences in risk taking, informed by advances in developmental neuroscience, have emphasized the need to examine the ways in which emotional and cognitive factors interact to influence decision making. In the present study, a diverse sample of 901 individuals between the ages of 10 and 30 were administered a…
Descriptors: Feedback (Response), Late Adolescents, Adolescents, Adults
The Effect of Age on a Visual Learning Task in the American Cockroach
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Brown, Sheena; Strausfeld, Nicholas – Learning & Memory, 2009
Neuronal modifications that accompany normal aging occur in brain neuropils and might share commonalties across phyla including the most successful group, the Insecta. This study addresses the kinds of neuronal modifications associated with loss of memory that occur in the hemimetabolous insect "Periplaneta americana." Among insects that display…
Descriptors: Visual Learning, Older Adults, Entomology, Memory
Action Planning in Young Children's Tool Use
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Cox, Ralf F. A.; Smitsman, Ad W. – Developmental Science, 2006
Tool use consists of at least two coupled phases of activities, involving multi-step problem solving. It therefore provides an interesting window on the development of planning in goal-directed behavior. This study investigated 2-year-olds' and 3-year-olds' hand use in picking up and subsequently using a tool for displacing a target-object towards…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Competence, Problem Solving, Toddlers