In this study of changes in children's social schemata, kindergarten, fourth and eighth grade children were asked to place felt figures on a felt board in any way they wished. Pictures were analyzed to determine age-related changes in schemata to organize different groups of human figures and discussed in terms of the development of social…

In this study, third and sixth graders were tested in a recognition memory task with short lists of items from either one or two categories to investigate the influence of categorical information on retrieval processes. (Author/SB)

Sixty-four children in grades 2 and 5 were asked to recall items from six successively presented sets of categorized pictorial stimuli using one of four types of retrieval cues. Significant effects of grade level and type of cue (favoring subcategory cues) were found. (Author/JMB)

Investigated the development of classificatory organization. Two experiments examined age differences in children's spontaneous extensions of a classification and a third examined children's extensions under hypothesis-testing instructions. (JMB)

A sorting presentation procedure was used to study the effects of three classification schemes (self-generated, thematic, or taxonomic) on the organized free recall of second and fifth graders. (Author/SB)

The development of the ability to use taxonomic, phonemic and sense impression categories as dimensions of encoding was investigated using third and fifth graders and college students. (ED)

Fifty-six Dutch school children (aged 6-0 to 14-4 years) participated in a study designed to investigate their ability to reason with logical implication. They answered a total of 32 reasoning problems. Before or after each question they were asked a class inclusion question. A high degree of correspondence was found between class inclusion and…

Second-, third-, and fourth-graders received five sort-recall trials for word lists. Results indicated that multiple strategy use increased with age; fourth graders who used more strategies had higher recall than those who used fewer; children at all ages showed substantial inter-trial variability in using multiple strategies; and the use of few…

Development of the relation between skills of visual and auditory pattern classification was studied at the second grade, sixth grade, and adult age levels using visual and auditory representations of the same abstract information. Results showed evidence of common processing of pattern class structure for the modalities, patterns, prototypes, and…

Investigates multiple trends in perceptual development of kindergarten, second grade, and fifth grade children who performed a speeded card sorting task with spatially integrated versus spatially separated dimensions. Results strongly support the hypothesis that there are developmental differences in perceived structure as well as ability to…

Students in grades two, four, six, and college sorted abstract visual patterns that varied both in amount of contour and in type of visual organization (unstructured, simple symmetries, multiple symmetries, and rotational). Results suggested that children attend to both amount of contour and visual organization, but that attention to visual…

Explored the effects of sorting methods upon the content of children's constructs. Results indicated that dyadic sorting and free response methods of construct elicitation differentially affect the types of constructs produced. (Author/BL)

This study investigated taxonomic clustering and use of frequency associations as features in the semantic memory of children (n=30 in grades two and six) with learning disabilities (LD). Results suggested that, when individual child-generated word lists (i.e., meaningful) are used, children with LD may not be impaired in their ability to utilize…

Investigates Inhelder and Piaget's claim that ages six to nine or ten represent a stage in children's learning of the concepts of all and some. (HM)

Subjects were 72 first, third and fifth graders. Stimuli consisted of an initial set of 20 unrelated pictures, and a second set of 20 pictures which could be classified according to four superordinate categories. (MS)