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Pressley, Michael; Levin, Joel R. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1977
In this study, the self-reported strategies of fifth, seventh, and ninth grade subjects used to learn a list of paired associates were correlated with actual learning performance to test the hypothesis that proficient learners are elaborators. (Author/SB)
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Style, Elementary School Students

Waters, Harriet Salatas; Schreiber, Linda L. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1991
Examined sex differences in eighth and tenth graders' and college students' use of elaboration in paired associate learning. Findings indicate that, as males and females became more proficient strategy users, sex differences diminished under more favorable task conditions that encouraged strategy use but remained constant under less favorable…
Descriptors: Age Differences, College Students, Developmental Tasks, Higher Education