Much research has found that implicit associations between Black male faces and aggression affect dispositional judgments and decision-making, but there have been few investigations into downstream effects on explicit episodic memory. The current experiment tested whether such implicit associations interact with explicit recognition memory using…

Extends the investigation of memory assessment to a situation in which memory performance on paired associate tasks varied with the use of different memory strategies. Subjects were 72 first, third, and fifth graders. (Author/MP)

Two kinds of paired associate lists (complementary and similarity relationships) were presented to middle-aged and elderly subjects for free recall. (DP)

Describes three experiments which investigated memory for items and order in a progressive elaboration paired-associates task. Subjects were kindergarteners, second and fourth graders. Experiments I and II indicated an age effect on order retention which was overcome through instruction in Experiment III. (JMB)

Study replicates and extends the results obtained by Attig and Hasher (1980) in finding null effects for adult age variation and instructional variation on a relative frequency judgment task. Finds nonsignificant covariation for both young and elderly adults between judgment proficiency and paired-associate learning proficiency. (Author)

Three experiments compared congenitally blind and sighted adults and children on paired-associate, free-recall, and imaging tasks presumed to involve visual imagery in memory. In all three, blind subjects' performances were remarkably similar to the sighted. Results challenge previous explanations of performance such as Paivio's (1971). (Author/RD)

Assesses the relative importance of synonymity and antonymity for memory encoding of words for second and sixth graders. Also, the variable of association strength is investigated for both groups through the presentation of false-recognition stimuli. (DP)

Children's ability to produce and use natural language mediators on a paired-associate recall task requiring self-generated elaboration was analyzed. Elaborations were recorded and classified according to a semantic-syntactic scheme. Comparisons between grades were made to determine the effectiveness of elaboration categories in facilitating…

This study explored the developmental changes in children's effective utilization of verbal versus pictorial stimuli in forming connections between stimulus and response elements in a paired-associate task. A total of 112 children (56 males and 56 females), half of them 4-year-olds and half 8-year-olds, were tested under eight conditions involving…

In this study, the self-reported strategies of fifth, seventh, and ninth grade subjects used to learn a list of paired associates were correlated with actual learning performance to test the hypothesis that proficient learners are elaborators. (Author/SB)

This annotated bibliography on memory is divided into 12 areas: information theory; proactive and retroactive interference and interpolated activities; set, subject strategies, and coding techniques; paired associate studies; simultaneous listening and memory span studies; rate and mode of stimulus presentation; rate and order of recall, and…

Two experiments examine use of defining, characteristic, category, and identical semantic features of word concept information in cued recall. College adults and 7- to 11-year-old children were shown word triplets in which context words were related or unrelated to final target word. Results suggest meaning features differ in providing medium for…

A skilled cognitive theorist might help behaviorists resolve inconsistencies found from their experimentation with imaginal mnemonics in paired-associate and serial learning tasks. Iconic cognition which relegates verbal processes to short-term storage and output systems is inadequate to explain the verbal coding and elaboration processes…

Examined sex differences in eighth and tenth graders' and college students' use of elaboration in paired associate learning. Findings indicate that, as males and females became more proficient strategy users, sex differences diminished under more favorable task conditions that encouraged strategy use but remained constant under less favorable…

This document describes the research activities of the Syracuse University Evaluation and Research Center for the year September 1, 1966 through August 31, 1967. This final report is organized on the basis of six research projects, which have been abstracted under the following titles and numbers: (1) Experiments in Grammatical Processing in…