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Genetic and Environmental Contributions to Stability and Change in Social Inhibition across the Adolescent and Adult Life Span
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Li-Gao, Ruifang; Boomsma, Dorret I.; Dolan, Conor V.; De Geus, Eco J. C.; Denollet, Johan; Kupper, Nina – Developmental Psychology, 2022
Feeling inhibited and socially not at ease is reflected in the trait social inhibition (SI). SI is associated with psychopathology that arises in young adulthood, such as anxiety. We aim for a better insight into the genetic and environmental contributions to SI across the life span, and as such examine their contributions to SI stability and…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Genetics, Environmental Influences, Twins
Event Memory and Suggestibility in Abused and Neglected Children: Trauma-Related Psychopathology and Cognitive Functioning
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Chae, Yoojin; Goodman, Gail S.; Eisen, Mitchell L.; Qin, Jianjian – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2011
This study examined event memory and suggestibility in 3- to 16-year-olds involved in forensic investigations of child maltreatment. A total of 322 children were interviewed about a play activity with an unfamiliar adult. Comprehensive measures of individual differences in trauma-related psychopathology and cognitive functioning were administered.…
Descriptors: Child Neglect, Child Abuse, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Psychopathology
Is There a Universal Positivity Bias in Attributions? A Meta-Analytic Review of Individual, Developmental, and Cultural Differences in the Self-Serving Attributional Bias
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Mezulis, Amy H.; Abramson, Lyn Y.; Hyde, Janet S.; Hankin, Benjamin L. – Psychological Bulletin, 2004
Researchers have suggested the presence of a self-serving attributional bias, with people making more internal, stable, and global attributions for positive events than for negative events. This study examined the magnitude, ubiquity, and adaptiveness of this bias. The authors conducted a meta-analysis of 266 studies, yielding 503 independent…
Descriptors: Psychopathology, Cultural Differences, Age Differences, Individual Differences
The Development of Prosocial Behaviour in Children and Adolescents: A Twin Study
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Scourfield, Jane; John, Bethan; Martin, Neilson; McGuffin, Peter – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2004
Background: Childhood psychopathology is associated with both high and low levels of prosocial behaviour. It has been proposed that the development of prosocial behaviour shows emerging and consolidating individual differences as children grow older. The influences on these individual differences have not previously been examined in children and…
Descriptors: Psychopathology, Adolescents, Genetics, Parents
Comparing and Contrasting Siblings: Defining the Self.
Schachter, Frances Fuchs; Stone, Richard K. – Journal of Children in Contemporary Society, 1987
Deidentification is the phenomenon whereby siblings are defined as different or contrasting. In pathological deidentification, the natural flow of sibling conflict and reconciliation seems obstructed as one sibling is assigned the fixed identity of "devil," who constantly harasses the other, "angel," sibling. A clinical…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Child Development, Child Psychology, Childhood Attitudes
Siblings and Mental Illness: Heredity vs. Environment.
Rowe, David C.; Elam, Patricia – Journal of Children in Contemporary Society, 1987
Siblings are far more likely to be different than alike in personality and psychopathology. Different genes and different environmental experiences can account for why one sibling becomes mentally ill and another is not affected. Environmental experiences play a much greater role in sibling differentiation than has been previously recognized.…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Child Development, Child Psychology, Childhood Attitudes
Handbook of Attachment: Theory, Research, and Clinical Applications.
Cassidy, Jude, Ed.; Shaver, Phillip R., Ed. – 1999
The theoretical work on attachment behavior by John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth spawned one of the broadest, most creative lines of research in twentieth century psychology. This volume compiles articles discussing attachment theory and research, measurement issues, and contributions of recent theoretical and empirical developments to the study of…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Adults, Age Differences, Attachment Behavior